1094 BIGNONIACEAE 



1. Leptamnium Virginianum (L. ) Raf. Foliage purple or yellowish brown, some- 

 times puberulent. Stems from a short base, solitary or tufted, erect, branched, 1-4 dm. tall, 

 sparingly scaly especially at the base : racemes spike-like : pedicels 1-2 mm. long, enlarged 

 upward : calyx often variegated ; lobes triangular or ovate-triangular, about as long as the 

 tube, acute : cleistogamous flowers 2-3 mm. long : corolla of the complete flowers ascend- 

 ing, 10-13 mm. long ; tube curved, the upper lip notched, its lobes obtuse, the lower lip 3- 

 lobed, its lobes acute, somewhat plaited : capsules 3-5 mm. broad, broader than high. 



In beech woods, New Brunswick to Ontario, Michigan, Florida and Louisiana. Summer and fall- 



FAMILY 17. BIGNONIACEAE Pers. TRUMPET-CREEPER FAMILY. 



Trees, twining or climbing shrubby plants, or rarely herbs. Leaves oppo- 

 site, rarely alternate or whorled, often developing tendrils from the petioles, 

 without stipules : blades simple or pinnately-compound. Inflorescence com- 

 monly spicate or racemose. Flowers showy, sometimes solitary, perfect, irregu- 

 lar. Calyx free, of usually 2 more or less united sepals. Corolla irregular, 5- 

 lobed or 2-lipped, hypogynous, deciduous : tube varying from campanulate to 

 tubular. Androecium of 5 stamens, 1 or 3 reduced to sterile filaments, or 4 and 

 then didynamous. Filaments filiform, adnate to the corolla-tube, mostly in- 

 cluded. Anther-sacs commonly divaricate. Gynoecium 2-carpellary. Ovary 1- 

 celled with two parietal placentae or mainly 2-celled by a false partition between 

 the placentae, surrounded by a fleshy disk: styles united: stigmas mostly 2. Ovules 

 numerous, horizontal or rarely pendulous or ascending, anatropous. Fruit a 

 leathery or woody capsule, often flattened and with two cavities and two valves. 

 Seeds numerous, winged, with a membranous or leathery testa. Endosperm 

 wanting. Embryo with cordate cotyledons notched at the apei. 



Leaf-blades compound : vines or rarely herbaceous plants. 



Calyx with an undulate margin : capsule flattened parallel with its partition. 1. BIGNONIA. 

 Calyx with 5 lobes : capsule flattened at right angles to its partition. 



Upright mainly herbaceous plants : ovules in 2 rows in each cavity of the ovary. 2. STENOLOBIUM. 

 Vines with twining stems : ovules in several rows in each cavity of the ovary. 3. CAMPSIS. 

 Leaf-blades simple : shrubs or trees. 



Anther-bearing stamens 2 : leaves opposite. 4. CATALPA. 



Anther-bearing stamens 4 : leaves alternate or scattered. 



Ovary 2-celled : fruit loculicidally valved : leaf-blades linear or nearly so. 5. CHILOPSIS. 



Ovary 1-celled at least above : fruit indehiscent : leaf-blades relatively broad. 6. CRESCENTIA. 



1. BIGNONIA L. 



High-climbing or shrubby vines. Leaves opposite : blades 2-3-foliolate, or 1-foliolate, 

 (the terminal one often represented by a tendril), entire or rarely toothed. Flowers in 

 axillary cymes or in terminal panicles. Calyx campanulate or cup-shaped, nearly trun- 

 cate or undulate. Corolla usually showy : limb spreading, more or less distinctly 2-lipped ; 

 lobes much shorter than the tube. Stamens 4 (fertile), didynamous: filaments adnate 

 to the base of the corolla : anthers glabrous. Ovary short-stalked or nearly sessile, 

 2-celled. Ovules in 1 row on each placenta or more or less distinctly in 2 or 3 rows. Cap- 

 sule narrow, elongated, flattened parallel with its partition. Seeds flattened, winged. 



1. Bignonia crucigera L. An evergreen high-climbing vine, with glabrate foliage 

 and much-branched stems. Leaves compound : petioles 1-2 cm. long, prolonged into 

 forking tendrils : leaflets 2, oblong-oval or oblong-lanceolate, 5-15 cm. long, slightly acu- 

 minate but obtuse or mucronate, cordate or auricled at the base : flowers in axillary clus- 

 ters : pedicels 2-4 cm. long, stout : calyx campanulate, 5-8 mm. long, lobes very shallow : 

 corolla red-orange without, yellow within, 4-5 cm. long ; lobes rounded or ovate, about 

 as long as the tube : stamens included : filaments villous at the base : capsules linear, 10- 

 17 cm. long, flattened. [jB. capreolata L.] 



In thickets, Virginia to Illinois, Florida and Louisiana. Spring. TRUMPET-FLOWER. 



2. STENOLOBIUM D. Don. 



Upright mainly herbaceous plants. Leaves usually opposite : blades unequally pin- 

 nate, the leaflets with toothed blades. Flowers in terminal racemes or panicles. Calyx 

 tubular-campanulate : lobes 5, nearly equal. Corolla funnelform. Stamens included : 

 anthers often pubescent, with foliaceous connectives. Ovary with many ovules borne in 

 2 rows in each cavity. Capsule slender, with leathery boat-like valves. Seeds winged. 



