CAKDUACEAE 



1253 



linear-lanceolate, 3-15 cm. long, acute, entire : heads showy : involucres flattish in age ; 

 bracts narrowly linear-lanceolate to lanceolate-subulate, 6-10 mm. long, serrulate with 

 spine-like teeth : receptacle conic, becoming columnar : ray-flowers 5-8 ; ligules golden 

 yellow to light orange, 1-2 cm. long : achenes obovoid, turgid, 3 mm. long, striate. 



On granite rocks, Stone Mountain and vicinity, Georgia. Summer and fall. 



2. Gymnolomia tenuifolia (A. Gray) B. & H. Perennial, shrubby. Stems 5-10 

 dm. tall, scabrous-puberulent, much branched : leaves numerous, the lower alternate, the 

 upper opposite ; blades 3-10 cm. long, pinnately or pedately 3-7 -parted, the segments nar- 

 rowly linear : peduncles 5-15 cm. long : heads rather showy : involucres nearly hemis- 

 pheric, 4-5 mm. high ; bracts various, the outer with a cuneate or obovate body and a 

 lanceolate tip, the inner oblong to linear : receptacle low-convex : ray-flowers 9-15 ; 

 ligules yellow, 5-7 mm. long, recurving : achenes 3 mm. long. 



In dry soil, Texas and adjacent Mexico. 



88. RUDBECKIAL.1 



Perennial, or rarely annual or biennial, caulescent herbs. Leaves alternate : blades 

 entire, toothed or pinnatifid, either petioled, sessile or clasping. Heads (in our species) 

 radiate, showy, many-flowered. Involucres hemispheric : bracts imbricated in 2 or more 

 series, rarely foliaceous. Receptacle convex or conic, chaffy. Kay-flowers neutral : ligules 

 yellow, rarely discolored (in one species crimson). Disk-flowers perfect, fruit-produc- 

 ing with 5-lobed corollas. Stigmas with blunt or subulate pubescent tips. Achenes 

 4-angled, obtuse or truncate. Pappus of 2-4 short teeth, a low coroniform border, or 

 wanting. CONE-FLOWER. 



A. Stigmas with short, obtuse tips : pappus present, except in No. 7. 

 Chaff of the receptacle acute, mucronate or obtuse. 

 Chaff canescent or pubescent at the apex. 



Leaf-blades, at least those of the lower leaves, deeply lobed or divided. LACINIATAE. 

 Plants glabrous or glabrate. 

 Plants cinereous-pubescent. 

 Disk greenish yellow. 

 Disk brown-purple, anise-scented. 

 Leaf-blades entire or merely toothed. 



Disk globose-ovoid, ovoid-conic or hemispheric: plants pubescent: 



corolla-lobes reflexed after anthesis. HELIOPSIDES. 

 Cauline leaves petioled. 



Heads small, the disks 1 cm. in diameter or less. 

 Heads large, the disks 1-2 cm. in diameter. 

 Stems glabrous or glabrate. 

 Stems hispid or scabrous. 



Cauline leaves closely sessile or partly clasping. 



Disk cylindric or conic-cylindric at maturity : plants glabrous : co- 

 rolla-lobes erect after' anthesis. LAEVIGATAE. 

 Leaves glaucous, the blades oval, broadly ovate or oblong. 

 Leaves lustrous, the blades narrower. 



Leaf-blades ovate-spatulate to lanceoate-oblong. 

 Leaf-blades elongated-lanceolate, attenuate at both ends. 

 Chaff ciliate, denticulate or entire at the apex. 

 Chaff ciliate or fimbriate at the tip. FULGIDAE. 

 Basal and lower stem-leaves cordate or truncate. 

 Chaff 1.5-2.5 mm. broad, densely ciliate at the tip. 

 Chaff narrower, sparsely ciliate at the tip. 

 Basal and lower stem-leaves not cordate or truncate. 



Involucral bracts ciliate, glabrous above : leaves large, long-acu- 

 minate. 



Stems glabrate or glabrous. 

 Stems strigose. 

 Involucral bracts ciliate, pubescent above : leaves small to medium 



size, acute or short-acuminate. 

 Uppermost leaves cuneiform or oblong-lanceolate. 



Well developed disks over 1 cm. in diameter : ligules rela- 

 tively short. 



Well developed disks smaller : ligules relatively large. 

 Uppermost leaves conspicuously dilated. 

 Chaff with entire, hyaline or erose-denticulate tips. 



a. Leaf-blades various, but not elongated-linear. SPECIOSAE. 



Ligules large and showy, much exceeding the diameter of the disk. 

 Leaf-blades laciniate, or very coarsely dentate. 



Prevailing leaves of an ovate type. 18. R. Sullwantii. 



Prevailing leaves narrower. 19. R. speciosa. 



Leaf-blades remotely or shallowly dentate or entire. 



Plants glabrous or nearly so. 20. R. truncata. 



Plants densely hirsute. 21. R. Missourirnsi*. 



1. R. laciniala. 



2. R. heterophylla. 



3. R. subtomentota. 



4. R. Heliopsidis. 



5. R. alismae/olia. 



6. R. grandiflora. 



7. R. mott'is. 



8. R. maxima. 



9. R. nitida. 

 10. R. glabra. 



11. R, umbrosa. 



12. R. Chapmanii. 



13. R. palmtris. 



14. R. acuminata. 



15. R.fulgida. 



16. R.foliosa. 



17. R. spathulata. 



Contributed by Mr. C. L. Boynton & Mr. C. D. Beadle. 



