1292 CAKDUACEAE 



or nearly so ; involucral bracts narrowly linear or linear-subulate, 5-8 mm. long : ray-flow- 

 ers neutral : ligules yellow, 6-12 mm. long : disk purplish, globose-ovoid, 6-8 mm. in di- 

 ameter : receptacle conic. 



In fields and thickets, northwestern Georgia and Tennessee. Summer and fall. 



12. Helenium autumnile L. Perennial, more or less pubescent. Stems relatively 

 stout, 2-7 dm. tall, branched : leaves not conspicuously numerous ; blades oblong to elliptic, 

 or slightly broadest above or below the middle, 3-12 cm. long, commonly acuminate, rather 

 prominently toothed, sessile and decurrent as narrow wings : involucral bracts linear- 

 lanceolate to linear-subulate, 5 mm. long : ligules of the ray-flowers bright yellow, 1-2 cm. 

 long : disks subglobose, 10-16 mm. in diameter. 



In low grounds, Quebec to the Northwest Territory. Florida, Texas and Arizona. 



13. Helenium fimbri&tum (Michx. ) A. Gray. Perennial, glabrous below. Stems 

 4-8 dm. tall, usually simple : leaf -blades linear-spatulate to broadly linear, 4-12 cm. long, 

 acute, entire, sessile and decurrent as narrow wings : peduncle pubescent under the head : 

 involucral bracts linear or linear-subulate, 7-10 mm. long : ray-flowers neutral ; ligules 

 linear-cuneate, 1.5-2 cm. long : disk 1.5-2 cm. broad : receptacle conic-ovoid : pappus- 

 scales broad, dissected to below the middle into capillary bristles. 



In low pine lands, Florida to Texas. Spring. 



14. Helenium Curtisii A. Gray. Perennial, nearly glabrous. Stems 5-9 dm. tall, 

 simple or sparingly branched above : leaf-blades oblanceolate to linear, 4-10 cm. long, ob- 

 tuse or acutish, undulate, decurrent as narrow wings : heads showy : involucral bracts 

 lanceolate or subulate-lanceolate, 5-8 mm. long, disk about 2 cm. broad : ray -flowers 

 neutral : ligules 1.5-2 cm. long : pappus-scales nearly entire. 



In low grounds, North Carolina. Spring and summer. 



15. Helenium Helenium (Nutt.) Small. Perennial, glabrous or puberulent, some- 

 what fleshy. Stems 3-7 dm. tall, simple : leaves often mainly basal ; blades linear or 

 nearly so, 5-15 cm. long, sometimes undulately toothed, narrower and more or less reduced 

 on the upper part of the stem : head showy : involucral bracts linear or linear-lanceolate, 

 5-7 mm. long, spreading : ray-flowers rather numerous : ligules yellow, 10-17 mm. long, 

 cuneate : disk depressed-hemispheric, 1.5-2 cm. broad, yellow : achenes resinous-dotted : 

 pappus-scales erose or laciniate. 



About pine-land ponds, South Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. Spring. 



16. Helenium inciaum (T. & G.) Small. Perennial, glabrous. Stems 5-7 dm. tall, 

 simple : leaf-blades narrowly oblong or linear, pinnatifid, 5-10 cm. long, acutish, the seg- 

 ments alternate : peduncle elongated : head showy : involucral bracts linear-subulate, 5-8 

 mm. long: ligules of the ray-flowers yellow, 1-1.5 cm. long: disk yellow, 2 cm. broad : 

 achenes glabrous, about 2 mm. long. 



In low pine lands, Georgia. Spring. 



17. Helenium vernale Walt. Perennial, puberulent or tomentulose and somewhat 

 viscidulous. Stems 3-7 dm. tall, simple : leaves mainly basal ; blades spatulate to linear, 

 6-15 cm. long, shallowly toothed or incised-pinnatifid, acute, the segments opposite : heads 

 showy : involucral bracts lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3-5 mm. long : ligules of the ray- 

 flowers yellow, 6-10 mm. long, rather slender, deeply cleft : disk yellow, 8-20 mm. broad : 

 achenes 1.5-2 mm. long, pubescent : pappus-scales spatulate to obovate, fimbriateor lacerate. 



In pine-land swamps, North Carolina to Florida and Alabama. Spring. 



18. Helenium brevifdlium (Nutt.) A. Gray. Perennial, glabrous or glabrate. 

 Stems 3-8 dm. tall, simple or sparingly branched : leaf-blades spatulate to linear, 2-8 cm. 

 long, obtuse or acutish, entire, or sometimes merely undulate, decurrent as narrow wings : 

 heads showy : involucral bracts linear-lanceolate or linear, 8-10 mm. long, acute : ligules 

 of the ray-flowers yellow, 1-1.5 cm. long : disk purple or brown, 1-1.5 cm. broad : achenes 

 pubescent : pappus-scales nearly entire. 



In pine-land swamps, North Carolina to Florida and Alabama. Spring. 



125. AMBLYOLEPIS DC. 



Annual caulescent herbs, fragrant in drying. Leaves alternate : blades membranous, 

 entire, the upper sessile and partly clasping, never punctate. Heads radiate, showy. In- 

 volucres broad : bracts of 2 kinds, those of the outer series foliaceous, spreading or reflexed, 

 those of the inner series resembling the pappus-scales. Receptacle convex. Kay-flowers 

 pistillate, fruit-producing. Disk-flowers perfect, fruit-producing : corollas with tube and 

 throat of equal length ; lobes glabrous. Achenes broadened .upward, with 10 stout ribs. 

 Pappus of several nerveless mostly obtuse scales. 



