CICHOKIACEAE 1315 



3. Sitilias grandiflora (Nutt. ) Greene. Foliage minutely pubescent. Leaves basal, 

 blades 3-20 cm. long, pinnatifid ; segments entire or sinuate : scapes erect or ascending, 

 solitary, tufted, 1-3 dm. tall, simple : involucres about 1.5 cm. long : inner bracts narrowly 

 linear, outer bracts less than as long as the inner : ligules linear or linear-oblong, 1.5-2 

 cm. long. 



On prairies, Kansas to Arkansas and Texas. Spring to fall. 



4. PINAROPAPFUS Less. 



Perennial caulescent herbs, with leafy or scape-like stems. Leaves sometimes basal : 

 blades narrow, remotely pinnately-toothed or pinnatifid, or entire. Heads pink or white, 

 long-peduncled. Involucres campanulate : bracts in several series, the inner narrower than 

 the outer. Keceptacle flat, somewhat chaffy. Ligules of the ray-flowers truncate and toothed 

 at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Stigmas slender. Achenes narrow, terete or 

 somewhat angled, 10-15-ribbed, glabrous. Pappus of many very slender bristles. 



1. Finaropappus roseus Less. Foliage glabrous, glaucescent. Stems erect, or 

 branched at the base, the branches often ascending, 1-3 dm. tall, nearly naked, or leafy 

 near the base, upper parts elongated : leaf-blades linear to lanceolate, 3-10 cm. long, 

 entire or pinnatifid, acute or acuminate : involucres campanulate, about 1 cm. high; bracts 

 oblong to linear-lanceolate or linear, the outer obtuse, the inner acute : ligules linear, 1-1.5 

 cm. long, rose or white : achenes slender, 4-5 mm. long. 



On stony prairies, Texas and adjacent Mexico. Spring and summer. 



5. LYGODESMIA D. Don. 



Annual or perennial caulescent herbs, or somewhat shrubby plants, with rigid, some- 

 times rush-like stems. Leaves alternate : blades narrow, entire or remotely pinnately- 

 toothed, sometimes reduced to inconspicuous scales. Heads pink or purple, 3-12-flowered, 

 short- or long-peduncled. Involucres cylindric, double ; inner of 5-8 slightly united bracts ; 

 outer of several very small bracts. Receptacle flat, notched. Ligules toothed at the apex. 

 Anthers sagittate at the base. Stigmas slender. Achenes narrow, smooth or slightly ribbed. 

 Pappus of many nearly equal very slender bristles. 



Leaves reduced to scales, or sometimes with few linear blades at the base of the stem : 



achenes 10-13 mm. long, nearly as long as the pappus. 1. L. aphylla. 



Leaves, all or some of them, with pinnately-lobed blades : achenes 14-15 mm. long, often 



longer than the pappus. 2. L. Texana. 



1. Lygodesmia aphylla (Nutt. ) DC. Stems erect or ascending, 3-8 dm. tall, solitary 

 or tufted, rush-like, naked or nearly so, forking above : leaves wanting, or represented by 

 narrow scales, or a few elongated linear blades at base of stem : involucres cylindric, about 

 2 cm. long : bracts various, the outer small, 1-3 mm. long, the inner linear : ligules rose- 

 colored, 1.5-2 cm. long, toothed at the apex : achenes narrow, 10-13 mm. long, nearly as 

 long as the white pappus. 



In dry pine lands, Georgia and Florida. Summer. 



2. Lygodesmia Texana (T. & G. ) Greene. Stems erect, 2-6 dm. tall, solitary, fork- 

 ing above : leaves mainly at the base of the stem ; blades linear or linear-filiform, entire or 

 remotely pinnately lobed ; lobes small, 1-7 cm. long, entire : involucres about 1.5 cm. long : 

 bracts various, the outer small, the inner linear, scarious-margined : ligules rose-colored, 

 about 1.5 cm. long, toothed at the apex : achenes narrow, 14-15 mm. long, often longer than 

 the pappus. \_L. aphylla var. Texana T. & G.] 



In rocky hills, Texas. Summer. 



6. LACTTJCA L. 



Annual, biennial or perennial often coarse herbs, with glabrous or sometimes prickly 

 foliage. Stems often tall, racemose or paniculate above. Heads white, yellow or blue, 

 rather small, often numerous. Involucres cylindric : bracts disposed in 2 involucres, the 

 inner of 1 or 2 series of nearly equal bracts, the outer of several series of much shorter 

 bracts, or the outer and inner bracts gradually merging. Receptacle flat, naked. Ligules 

 often inconspicuous, truncate and toothed at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. 

 Stigmas usually slender. Achenes flattened, oval to linear, 3-5-ribbed, narrowed above, 

 sometimes into a neck, sometimes into a slender beak. Pappus copious, of hair-like white 

 or brown bristles. LETTUCE. WOOD LETTUCE. WILD LETTUCE. 



