VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION 



217 



receive it, and the tissues down to the cambium are separated from 

 the woody column (Fig. 164). The cambium-layer of the shield is 

 placed in contact with the wood, and the whole is bound up with bast 

 and wax to exclude air and intrusive fungi. The two living tissues 

 form each a callus, which unites, and their junction is such that the 

 woody column of the stock provides the transpiration stream to the 



FIG. 165. 

 Cleft-grafting. 

 (After Figuier.) 



FIG. i 66. 



Approach-grafting or inarching. (After 

 Figuier.) 



alien bud. Grafting is essentially the same process ; but a woody shoot 

 with a number of buds is removed, and inserted upon a correspond- 

 ingly cut surface of the stock, so that both the active cambial tissues 

 of both shall be in contact (Fig. 165). Inarching or approach- grafting 

 is similar, but has the advantage of both plants remaining rooted till 

 the union is complete (Fig. 166). After the bud or graft has fully 

 united with the stock the head of the stock is re'moved, and the graft 

 or bud takes its place, retaining its original qualities. But according 

 to the vigour of the stock it may mature earlier in the season, and 



