558 



BOTANY OF THE -LIVING PLANT 



Elymus, Lyme Grass, leaf-structure, 

 155 (Fig. 115, B). 



Embryo, a new individual resulting 

 from syngamy, 6 ; initiated by 

 syngamy, 273, 274, 275 (Fig. 217) ; 

 of Pine, 312 (Fig. 255) ; of Selagi- 

 nella, 322 (Fig. 265) ; of Fern, 

 345 (Fig. 288). 



Embryo-sac, the large cell or mega- 

 spore enclosed in the nucellus in 

 Seed Plants, which contains the 

 ovum and other cells, 259 (Fig. 

 206) ; development of, 259 (Fig. 

 207), 260, 262 (Fig. 209). 



Embryology, internal, of Land Plants, 



463. 



Emergences, appendages of the epi- 

 dermis together with subjacent 

 tissue, 12. 



Empusa Muscae, 423 ; explosive dis- 

 persal of, 425. 



Encapsulation, theory of, 488. 



Encysted state, where a protoplast is 

 surrounded by a cell- wall, 137 

 (Fig. 97, D, E) ; of Euglena, 374. 



Endodermis, the layer of cells de- 

 limiting the stele ( = phloeoterma) , 

 36 (Fig. 22), 37 (Fig. 23), 39 (Fig 

 24) ; in root, 72 (Figs. 55, 56) ; in 

 Fern, 331 (Fig. 270). 



Endogenous origin, development of a 

 new part from deeply-seated tissue, 

 e.g. roots. 79 (Fig. 62). 



Endosperm, a nutritive tissue pro- 

 duced within the embryo-sac ; it 

 surrounds the embryo, and often 

 persists till the ripeness of the 

 seed, which is then described as 

 albuminous, 279 (Fig. 221) ; in 

 albuminous seeds, 10, n (Figs. 223, 

 226) ; function of, 281 ; in wheat, 

 545 ;' analysis of, 546 ; of Coniferae, 

 307, 310 (Fig. 253), 314 (Fig. 256). 



Endothecium, the central tract of 

 cells of the young Moss-sporo- 

 gonium, 363 (Fig. 306). 



Endotrophic mycorhiza, where the 

 fungus occupies the living cells of 

 the host, 195, 197 (Figs. 149, 150). 



Entomophthorineae, 423. 



Environment, impress of during 

 growth, 129. 



Enzymes, in, 112. 



Ephebe, 438. 



Epibasal hemisphere, the part of an 

 embryo lying above the basal wall : 

 in Ferns, 345. 



Epicalyx, 520 (Fig. 426, B}. 



Epidemic, 406. 



Epidermis, 33, 35 (Fig. 22), 39 (Fig. 

 24) ; as seen in surface view of leaf, 

 64 (Fig. 46). 



Epigynous, of flowers, where the 

 gynoecium is sunk in the abbre- 

 viated receptacle, so that the ovary 

 appears to be below the other 

 floral parts, 238 (Figs. 187, 188). 



Epilobium, symmetry of shoot, 163 

 (Fig. 126). 



Epiphytes, plants which live attached 

 to the branches or trunks of other 

 plants ; water-supply of, 95 ; xero- 

 phytic features of, 178. 



Epithelium, in style of Rhododendron, 

 257 (Fig. 214), 269. 



Equisetales, the Horsetails, 3, 316. 



Equisetum arvense, vegetative pro- 

 pagation of, 218. 



Ergot of Rye (Claviceps), 406 (Fig. 

 34i) ; 436 (Fig. 369). 



Ericaceae, Heaths ; mycorhiza in, 199, 

 525 (Fig. 433). 



Erica, Heath, 525 (Fig. 433). 



Eriophorum, 501 (Fig. 404), 502. 



Ervum lens (Lentil), analysis of, 542 ; 

 origin of, 543. 



Eryngium, spiny halophyte, 178. 



Erysiphe, haustoria of , 430 (Fig. 363). 



Erysipheae, 430. 



Etiolation, result of growth of a plant 

 in the absence of light, 123. 



Eucalyptus, vertical leaves of , 177. 



Euglena, 137 (Fig. 97), 373 (Fig. 



3M). 



Eu-mycetes, 403, 410, 412, 429. 

 Euphorbia (Spurge), xerophytes of 



Old World, 176, 177 ; simple 



flowers of, 220, 222 (Fig. 169), 515 



(Fig. 421). 

 Euphorbiaceae, reduction of flowers 



in, 237 ; transfer of seeds of, 294 ; 



floral construction in, 515. 

 Eurotium, 433. 

 Evergreens, plants which retain their 



leaves through the year, 69, 162. 

 Exalbuminous seed, in which the 



endosperm is absorbed before ripe- 

 ness, 281 (Fig. 226). 

 Exodermis, in many roots a specialised 



layer below the piliferous layer, 



72 (Fig. 54). 

 Exogenous origin, development of 



new parts from superficial tissues, 



e.g. leaves, 17 (Fig. 7), 58. 



