INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



559 



Extension, the elongation of a part 

 already formed, 120. 



Eyebright (Euphrasia), a green root- 

 parasite, 189, 193. 



Eye-spot, 373. 



Fall of leaf, 68 (Fig. 52), 612. 



False tissue, of Fungi, 405. 



Families, Natural, 492 (Appendix A). 



Farmer's bottle, 87. 



Fats, storage of. 108. 



Female gamete, or ovum, or egg, 263, 

 265 ; of Coniferae, 304, 307 (Fig. 

 246) ; of Fern, 344 (Fig. 285) ; of 

 Fucus, 385 (Fig. 325). 



Ferments, or enzymes, in, 112 ; 

 proteolytic, which break down 

 complex proteid into simpler sub- 

 stances, 207, 209 ; digestive, of 

 Fungi, 406 (Fig. 342). 



Ferns, 316, 326 ; age of, 326 ; life- 

 cycle of, 347 (Fig. 291) ; mechan- 

 ism of sporangium, 133 (Fig. 95). 



Fertilisation, the coalescence of male 

 and female gametes to form a 

 zygote, 264 ; in Flowering Plants, 

 270 (Fig. 214 iris) ; in Ferns, 344 

 (Figs. 286, 287) ; indirect in Red 

 Seaweeds, 388. 



Fertilising tube, of Pythium, 409 

 (Fig. 344), 416 ; in Peronosporeae, 

 420 (Fig. 357). 



Festuca ovina, viviparous habit of, 215. 



Fibre, a cell much longer than broad, 

 with pointed ends, 28 (Fig. 16), 

 50 (Fig. 37). 



Fibrous cells, mechanically effective 

 in opening the anther, to shed the 

 pollen, 246 (Fig. 193) ; development 

 of, 248, 250 (Fig. 197). 



Fibrous system, 33. 



Fig, hollow succulent inflorescence ol 

 293 (Fig. 242) ; analysis of, 544. 



Figwort (Scrophularia), vascular 

 strand of, 37 (Fig. 23) ; flower of, 

 529 (Fig. 436) : abortive stamen of, 

 234 (Fig. 183). 



Filament, the stalk of a stamen. 245 

 (Fig. 191). 



Filicales, the Ferns, 3 ; general des- 

 cription of, Chap, xxi., p. 326. 



Fine flour, 547. 



Fire-weed (Epilobium), wind-borne 

 seeds of, 295. 



Fissidens, a Moss, bilateral sym- 

 metry of, 172. 



Fission, or branching of parts, in the 

 flower, 232 ; of stamens in Vellozia, 

 232 (Fig. 181) ; of cells of Euglena, 

 374 (Fig. 315). 



Fission-algae (Cyanophyceae), 456. 



Fission Fungi (Bacteria), 456, 458. 



Flagellum, of Euglena, 373. 



Flattened surfaces, stiffening of, 149, 

 154 ; protection of margins of, 

 157 (Figs. 117, 118). 



Flies, killed by Empusa, 423. 



Floral construction, 492 (Appendix A). 



Floral diagram, explained, 229 (Fig. 

 178). 



Floral formula, a compact mode of 

 registering the component parts of 

 a flower, 229, 230. 



Flower, a simple shoot which bears 

 sporangia, 220 (Chap, xiii.) ; parts 

 of, 221 (Fig. 1 68) ; definition of, 

 222 ; comparison of, 229 ; of 

 Conifers, 307 (Figs. 246, 250, 251). 



" Flowers " of Mosses, 370. 



Flowering Plant, 2, 5. 



Flowering, its relation to storage, 163. 



Fluctuating variations, deviations 

 from type which can be referred to 

 the impress of external circum- 

 stances : not heritable, 129, 471. 



Foliage-spurs, of Pine, 303, 304 (Fig. 

 246). 



Foliar-gaps of Ferns, 330 (Fig. 267). 



Follicle, a separate carpel splitting 

 along its margins, and containing 

 several seeds, 285 (Fig. 227) ; of 

 Aconite, 287. 



Fontinalis, aquatic habit of, 355 ; 

 peristome of, 364 (Fig. 308). 



Food of Plants, 93 ; supplied in 

 solution, 96. 



Food-stuffs, 540 (Appendix B). 



Foot, the suctorial organ in the 

 embryo : in Ferns, 346 (Fig. 288). 



Form, modifications of, Chap. x. 



Formic aldehyde, 104. 



Foxglove (Digitalis), 530. 



Fragaria vesca (Strawberry), 520 

 (Fig. 427). 



Fragmentation, the direct division 

 of nuclei, without formation of a 

 spindle, 249. 



Free-central placentation, of ovules, 

 when seated on an apparent pro- 

 longation of the floral axis into the 

 ovary, 255. 



French-Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), 

 analysis of, 542 ; origin of, 543. 



