COMPOSITE. 165 



Ovary inferior, 1-celled, with a single pendulous ovule; style 

 1 ; stigma simple. Fruit dry, indehiscent, 1-celled, crowned 

 by the pappus-like calyx ; embryo straight, in the axis of 

 fleshy albumen ; radicle superior. 



Herbs or under shrubs. Leaves opposite or whorled. Flow- 

 ers densely capitate or very rarely whorled. 



1. DIPSACUS. Linn. 



Flowers collected in an ovate or roundish head. Common 

 calyx (involucre) foliaceous, many-leaved ; proper superior, 

 of one leaf. Carol tubular, 4-cleft. Stamens 4. Stigma 

 longitudinal. Fruit crowned with the limb of the calyx. 



Tetrandria. -Monogynia. 



D. sylvestris Linn. : leaves opposite, rarely connate ; the many-leav- 

 ed involucre curved upwards ; 'scales of the receptacle straight. 



HAB. Fields and waste places. N. S. July. tf.Stem 35 

 feet high, strong, angular, prickly. Floioers blue, in dense oval 

 heads, shorter than the scales of the receptacle. Introduced.- 



Wild Teasel. 



ORDER LXVII. COMPOSITE. Mans. Lind. 



Calyx with the limb cither wanting or membranous, and 

 divided into bristles palese or hairs, and called pappus. Co- 

 rol monopetalous, usually deciduous, either ligulate or tubular ; 

 in the latter case 4 5-toothecl or lobed, with a valvate aestiva- 

 tion. Stamens 5, alternate with the teeth of the corol ; fila- 

 ments distinct ; anthers cohering in a cylinder. Ovary inferi- 

 or, 1-celled, with a single erect ovule ; style single ; stigmas 

 2, distinct or united. Fruit a small indehiscent dry pericarp, 

 (acine) crowned with the limb of the calyx. Seed solitary, 

 erect ; embryo with a taper inferior radicle ; albumen none. 



Herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate or opposite, usually 

 simple, without stipules. Flowers (called florets'] collected 

 in dense heads upon a common receptacle, surrounded by an 

 involucre. 



SUBORDER 1. CICHORACE7E. 



OBS. In the arrangement of the genera of this suborder, I have 

 adopted Mr. Don's New Classification of the Cichoracese. Edin. New 

 Phil. Jour. vi. 305. Wherever he has enumerated the species of his 

 new genera, I have quoted him as the authority ; although he has not 

 in any case given specific descriptions. 



