4 ELEMENTARY PHYSIOLOGY. [l. 



In the dog the pancreatic duct is close to the 

 entrance of the bile duct (see 14). 



Observe the mesenteric lymphatic glands, 



small greyish white lumps, more abundant 

 in the duodenal mesentery than elsewhere. 



7. Turning the stomach and intestines over to the 

 right side observe the dorsal aorta 1 and inferior 



vena cava lying close together in the median 

 line, trace the aorta upwards to the point where 

 it descends through the diaphragm, tearing 

 through the mesentery as little as is consistent 

 with tracing the aorta. 



8. Note the right suprarenal body, small, ovoid 

 and yellowish white, lying close to the aorta, 

 carefully tear away the connective tissue above 

 and medially of this and note the solar plexus 

 consisting of three or more greyish semi-trans- 

 parent ganglia connected by bundles of pale 

 nerve fibres. Into the laterally placed ganglion 

 runs the main branch of the splanchnic nerve, 

 trace this up alongside the aorta as far as the 

 diaphragm. 



9. Note the caeliac artery given off by the aorta 

 a little below the diaphragm, and the superior 

 mesenteric artery given off somewhat lower 

 down, possibly underneath the suprarenal body, 

 and a little farther down, the renal artery, run- 



1 When an artery and a vein run together, as here, they may be 

 distinguished by the artery having thicker walls and containing less 

 blood than the vein ; the artery too has generally a bluish- white tint 

 whilst the vein has generally a dark red tint with a tinge of blue. 



