SYNOPSIS OF THE ORDERS. 9 



with the calyx-tube ; style often lateral or basal. Calyx-lobes and petals 

 mostly 5. Ovules mostly 1 or 2. Albumen mostly none. Trees, shrubs, 

 or herbs; leaves usually alternate and stipulate, simple or compound. 



34. Calycanthaceae (p. 167). Calyx-lobes, petals, and stamens indefinite. 

 Pistils numerous, becoming achenes in a hollow receptacle. Albumen 

 none. Aromatic shrubs, with opposite entire leaves and no stipules. 



35. Saxifragaceae (p. 168). Flowers regular, with 5-10 stamens (numer- 

 ous in Philadelphus), few (mostly 2) more or less united, free or partially 

 adnate carpels, and few - many ovules on axile or sometimes parietal pla- 

 centae. Seeds albuminous. Herbs or shrubs, with opposite or alternate 

 leaves, with or without stipules. 



36. Crassulaceee (p. 170). Mostly fleshy herbs, with symmetrical flowers, 

 the usually distinct many-seeded carpels as many as the sepals. Seeds 



albuminous. Leaves alternate or opposite or whorled ; stipules none. 



37. Droseraceae (p. 178). Glandular-haired scapose marsh herbs, with 

 regular 5-merous hypogynous flowers. Capsule 1-celled, with 3-5 many- 

 seeded parietal placenta?. Anthers extrorse. Leaves circiuate in vernation. 



38. Hamamelideae (p. 179). Shrubs or trees; flowers often polygamo- 



monoecious, in clusters, heads, or spikes ; petals often none. Seeds 2 or 

 more, bony, in a 2-beaked woody pod opening above, the base adnate to 

 the calyx-tube. Stamens few or many. Leaves alternate, simple. 



39. Halorageae (p. 180). Aquatic or marsh herbs; flowers perfect or po- 

 lygamo-dioecious, small, axillary or spicate ; petals often none. Stamens 

 1-8. Ovary inferior, the calyx-limb obsolete or very short. Fruit small, 

 indehiscent, 1 - 4-celled, 1 - 4-seeded. Leaves alternate or opposite, the 

 submersed often dissected. 



* 2. Ovary inferior (except in Lythracese), 1 - several-celled ; style entire; 



flowers perfect, regular or nearly so, mostly 4-merous ; herbs, with simple 

 and mostly entire leaves without stipules. 



40. Melastomaceae (p. 183). Calyx open. Stamens definite; anthers 

 opening by an apical pore. Leaves opposite, 3 - 7-nerved ; flowers cymose. 



41. Lythraceae (p. 184). Calyx-lobes valvate. Pod free, but enclosed in the 



calyx, membranous, 1 -4-celled, many-seeded with axile placentae. Leaves 

 mostly opposite ; flowers axillary or whorled ; petals crumpled, or none. 



42. Onagraceae (p. 186). Calyx-lobes valvate. Ovary 1 - 4-celled, the cells 



1 - mauy-ovuled. Stamens 2, 4, or 8. Petals 2 or 4, convolute, or none- 

 Leaves opposite or alternate. 



* 3. Ovary inferior (except in Passifloraceae and Ficoideae), 1-celled with pari- 



etal placentae or several-celled by the intrusion of the placentae ; flowers 

 regular, perfect or unisexual ; styles free or united ; herbs. 



-- Embryo straight ; cotyledons foliaceous ; leaves alternate, often lobed. 



43. Loasaceee (p. 193). Flowers perfect. Stamens indefinite. Style entire 



or2-3-cleft. Capsule 1-celled, with 2 or 3 many-seeded placentae. Pu- 

 bescence of hooked hairs. 



44. Passifloraceee (p. 194). Climbing by tendrils. Flowers perfect. Sta- 

 mens 5, monadelphous. Ovary stalked, superior, becoming a 1-celled 

 many-seeded berry with 3 or 4 placentas. Styles 3, clavate. 



