RANUXCULACE^E. (CROWFOOT FAMILY.) 87 



1. PULSATlLLA. Carpels numerous in a head, with long hairy styles 

 which in fruit form feathery tails, as in Clematis; flower large, usually with 

 some minute or indistinct gland-like abortive stamens answering to petals. 



1. A. patens, L.,var.Nuttalliana, Gray. (PASQUE-FLOWER.) Villous 

 with long silky hairs ; peduncle solitary ; flower erect, developed before the 

 leaves, which are ternately divided, the lateral divisions 2-parted, the middle 

 one stalked and 3-paru-d, the segments deeply once or twice cleft into nar- 

 rowly linear and acute lobes ; lobes of the sessile involucre like those of the 

 leaves, at the base all united into a shallow cup ; sepals 5-7, purplish or whitish 

 (1 - H' long), spreading when in full anthesis. 1'rairies, 111. and Mo., thence 

 northward and westward. March- April. A span high. Tail of carpels 2' 

 long. (Eu., Siberia.) 



2. ANKMOXE proper. Styles short, not plumose. Staminodia none. 



* Achenes densely lony-woo/ly, compressed ; involucre Jar below the flower. 



*- Stem single, from a small tuber ; sepals 10-20; style filiform, 



2. A. Caroliniana, Walt. Stem 3-6' high; root-loaves once or twice 

 3-parted or cleft ; involucre 3-parted, its wedge-shaped divisions 3-cleft; sepals 

 10-20, oblong-liuear, purple or whitish; head of fruit oblong. 111. to Neb. 

 and southward. May. 



H- -- Stems several ; sepals 5 -8; style filiform, 



3. A. parviflbra, Michx. Stem 3-12' high from a slender rootstock, 

 1 -flowered; root-leaves 3-parted, their broadly wedge-shaped divisions crenate- 

 incised or lobed ; involucre 2-3-leaved; sepals 5 or 6, oval, white ; head of 

 fruit globular. Lake Superior, northward and westward. Mav, June. 



4. A. multifida, Poir. Stems from a branching caudex, silky-hairy 

 (6-12' high) ; principal involucre 2-3-leaved, bearing one naked and one or 

 two 2-leaved peduncles; leaves of the involucre sliort-pctioled, similar to the 

 root-leaves, twice or thrice 3-parted and cleft, their divisions linear; sepals 

 obtuse, red, sometimes greenish-yellow or whitish ; head of fruit spherical or 

 oval. Rucks, etc., N. K. Maine to Lake Superior, north and westward; rare. 

 June. 



i- - -t- Taller, commonly branching above or producing two or more peduncles ; 

 involucral leaves long-petioled ; sepals 5-8, silky or doicny beneath (4-6" long), 

 oval or oblong ; style subulate. 



5. A. cylindrica, Cray. (LONG-FRUITED A.) Slender (2 high), silky- 

 pubescent ; flowers 2-6, on very long upright naked peduncles; involucral 

 leaves twice or thrice as many as the peduncles, 3-divided ; their divisions 

 wedge-lanceolate, the lateral 2-parted, the middle 3-cleft ; lobes cut and toothed 

 at the apex; sepals 5, rather obtuse, greenish-white : head of fruit cylindrical 

 (!' long). Dry woods, X. Kng. to Mo., ami northwestward. May. Pedun- 

 cles 7 -12' long, all from the same involucre and naked throughout, or one 

 involucellate in the middle. 



6. A. Virginiana, L. More loosely pubescent or glabrate ; involucral 

 leaves 3, 3-parted ; their divisions oi-ate-lanceolate, pointed, '^t-serrate, the lat- 

 eral 2-parted, the middle 3-cleft ; peduncles elongated, the earliest naked, the 

 others with a 2-leaved involucel at the middle, repeatedly proliferous ; sepals 5, 



