MAGNOLIACE.E. (MAGNOLIA FAMILY.) 49 



ORDER '2. MAGNOLIACEJE. (MAGNOLIA FAMILY.) 



Trees or shrub*, icith Ike leaf-buds covered by membranous stipules, poly- 

 petalous, hypogynoiis, polyaitdriiK*, polygynous ; the calyx and corolla 

 colored alike, in three or more ron-s of three, and imbricated (rarely con- 

 volute) in the bud. Sepals and petals deciduous. Anthers adnate. 

 Pistils many, mostly packed together and covering the prolonged re- 

 ceptacle, cohering with each other, and in fruit forming a sort of fleshy 

 or dry cone. Seeds 1 or 2 in each carpel, anatropous; albumen fleshy; 

 embryo minute. Leaves alternate, not toothed, marked with minute 

 transparent dots, feather-veined. Flowers single, large. Bark aromatic 

 and bitter. 



1. MAGNOLIA, L. 



Sepals 3. Petals 6-9. Stamens imbricated, with verv short filaments, and 

 long anthers opening inward. Pistils coherent, forming a fleshy and rather 

 woody cone-like red fruit ; oach carpel at maturity opening on the back, from 

 which the I or 2 berry-like seeds hang l>y an extensile thread composed of 

 unrolled spiral vessels. Inner seed runt bony. Buds conical, the coverings 

 formed of the successive pairs of stipules, each pair enveloping the leaf next 

 above, which is folded lengthwise and applied straight against the side of the 

 next stipular sheath, and so on. (Named after Mmjnol, Professor of Botany 

 at Montpellier in the 17th century.) 



* Leaves all scattered a/aiiff tin' tirnnchcs , leaf-buds slllif. 



1. M. glaiica, L. (SMALL or Lvii.-i.i. M\<;M>I.IA. SWKF:T BAY.) 

 /i iins oval to broadly lanceolate, 3-6' long, obtuse, glaucous beneath ; flower 

 i/liilinfar, white, %' long, very /'i-m/r<int : petals broad; cone of frnit small, ob- 

 long. Swamps, from near Cape Ann and X. Y. southward, near the coast ; 

 in Penn. as far west as Cumberland Co. June -Aug. Shrub 4-20 high, 

 with thickish lea\--s. which farther south are evergreen. 



2. M. acuminata, L. (Ci < i MI-.I K-TKKK.) Leaves thin, oblong, pointed, 

 green and a little pubescent beneath, 5-10' long ; JJou-er oblong liell-*fm/>i d, 

 (/liinoiiis-i/ri-fit tinged with yellow, 2' long ; cone of frnit 2-3' long, cylindri- 

 cal. Rich woods, western X. V. to III., and southward. May, June. Tree 

 60-90 high. Fruit when young slightly resembling a small cucumber, 

 whence the common name. 



3. M. macroph^lla, Michx ((;I:I:AT-LI:AVI:F> MAGNOLIA.) Leaves 

 obovate-oblong, cordate at the narrowed base, pubescent and white beneath; 

 flower o/ic ln-//-s/iii/ifd, ichiti-, u-itli <i jmr/i/i x/m/ nt hi/sc ; petals ovate, 6' long; 

 cone of fruit ovoid. S. K. Ky. and southward. ^lay, June. Tree 20-40 

 high. Leaves 1 -3 long, somewhat clustered on the flowering branches. 



* * Leaves n-nn-drd im tin' summit of the flowering branches in an umbrella-like 

 circle ; lenf-biidx i/lubrons ; floicers white, sli'jhtli/ scented. 



4. M. Umbrella, Lam. (U-MIUJKLLA-TREK.) Leares oboi-ate-lanceolate, 

 pointed at Imt/t ends, soon glabrous, 1-2 long; petals obovate-oblong, 4 - 5' 

 long. S. Penn. to Ky. and southward. May. A small tre. Fruit rosft- 



color, 4 -.">' long, ovoid-oblong. 



