72 CRUCIFER^. (MUSTARD FAMILY.) 



2. S. canescens, Xutt. (TANSY MI-STARD.) Leaves 2-pinnatiJid, often 



hoary or downy, the divisions small and toothed ; flowers yellowish, very 

 small; pods in long racemes, oblong-club-shaped or oblong-linear, shorter 

 than their mostly horizontal pedicels; sefdx Z-ntnl-ul in each cell. lYnn. 

 and X. Y. to Lake Superior, thence southward and westward. June-Aug. 



S. SOPHIA, L- A similar hoary species, with decompound leaves; pods 

 slender, 6-15" long, ascending; seeds 1 -ranked. Sparingly naturali/.ed 

 from Europe. 



S. OFFIC INAI.K, Scop. (HEDGE MUSTARD.) Lea >!.* nmcinate; flowers 

 very small, pale veilow; />,i<l.-i awl-shaped, dost ///< s> */ to the stem, scarcely 

 stalked. Waste places. May-Sept. An unsightly branched weed, 2-3 

 high. (Nat. from Mu.) 



S. THALIANA, Gaud. (Morsi:-i-:\u CUKSS.) Leaves obovati or oblong, entire 

 or barely toothed ; flowers white ; pods linear, somewhat 4-sided, longer thau 

 the slender spreading pedicels. < )ld fields and rocks, Mass, to Kan. April, 

 May. A span high, slender, brain-lied, hairy at the base. (Nat. from Eu.) 



S. ALI.IARIA. Seop. Stout, en-et ; lea\es reniform to ovate-cordate, coarsely 

 repand-dentate ; flowers white; pods tapering, 1-2' long, ascending on very 

 stout spreading pedicels. Near Georgetown, D. C. (Nat from Ku.) 



16. THELYPODIUM, Endl. 



Pod terete or teretish ; valves 1-nerved; stigma mostly entire. Seeds in 1 

 row in each cell, oblong, margiuless. Cotyledons obliquely incumbent. 

 Stout biennials or perennials, with mostly large purplish or white flowers. 

 Leaves or petioles often aurided at base. (Name from 8f)\vs, female, and 

 wofaffoot, the ovary in some species being stipitate.) 



1. T. pinnatifidum, Watson, Glabrous (1-3 high), often branched 

 above; root leaves round or heart-shaped, on slender petioles; stem-leaves 

 aurided, ovate-oblong and ovate-lanceolate (-2-C/ long), sharply and often 

 doubly toothed, tapering to each end, the lower into a winged petiole, rarely 

 bearing a pair or two of small lateral lobes; flowers purplish; pods 1 -!$' 

 long, on short diverging pedicels, pointed by a short style. (Arabis hesperid- 

 oides, <i'r<ii/.) Alluvial river-banks, W. Pa. to Minn., Mo., and southwestward. 

 May, June. 



17. BRASSICA (Brassica and Sinapis), Tourn. 



Pod linear or oblong, nearly terete or 4-sided, with a stout 1 -seeded beak or 

 a rigid style; valves 1-5-uerved. Seeds globose, 1 -rowed. Cotyledons 

 incumbent, folded around the radicle. Annuals or biennials, with yellow 

 flowers. Lower leaves mostly lyrate, incised, or pinnatifid. (The Latin name 

 of the Cabbage. Sinapis is the Greek ffivam, which is said to come from the 

 Celtic nap, a turnip.) 



B. SiNApf STRUM, Boise, (or SINA.PIS ARVEXSIS, L.,the English CHARLOCK), 

 with knotty pods, fully one third occupied by a stout 2-edged beak (which is 

 either empty or 1-seeded), the upper leaves barelv toothed, is a noxious 

 weed in grain-fields, from X. Eng. to Penu. and N. Y. westward. (Adv. from 

 Eu.) 



B. (or SINAPIS) ALBA. (Winri: MISTAI;I>.) Pods bristly, ascending on 

 spreading pedicels, more than half its length occupied by the sword-shaped 1- 

 seeded beak ; leaves all pinnatifid ; seeds pale. (Cult, and adv. from Eu.) 



B. (or SINAPIS) NIGRA, Koch. (BLACK MI<T\I:I>.) I 'oils smooth (' long), 

 4-cornered (the valves only 1-nerved), erect on appressed pedicels forming a 

 slender raceme, tipped with a stout persistent style ; seeds dark brown, smaller 



