MALVACEAE. (.MALLOW FAMILY.) 99 



else as in Sida, but the solitary kidney-shaped seed ascending and the radicle 

 pointing downward, as in the former. (Name altered from Malva.) 



1. M. angUStum, Gray. Annual, slightly hairy, erect (6'-l high); 

 leaves lance-oblong or linear, with scattered fine callous teeth ; flowers in the 

 upper axils, on peduncles shorter than the broadly ovate-triangular sepals ; 

 bractlets and stipules setaceous ; petals yellow, scarcely exceeding the calyx ; 

 carpels 5, kidney -shaped, smooth, at length 2-valved. W. Term, to Iowa 

 and Kan. Aug. 



2 M. COCCineum, Gray. Perennial, low and hoary ; leaves 5-parted or 

 pedate , flowers in short spikes or racemes, the pink-red petals very much 

 longer than the calyx ; carpels 10 or more, reticulated on the sides and inde- 

 hiscent. Minn to W. Tex., and westward. 



6. SlDA, L. 



Calyx naked at the base, 5-cleft. Petals entire, usually oblique. Styles 5 

 or more, tipped with capitate stigmas; the ripe fruit separating into as many 

 1-seeded carpels, which are closed, or commonly 2-valved at the top, and 

 tardily separate from the axis. Seed pendulous. Embryo abruptly bent; 

 the radicle pointing upward. (A name used by Theophrastus.) 



1. S. Napaea, Cav. A smooth, tall (4-10 high) perennial; /cores 3-7- 

 cleff, the lobes oblong and pointed, toothed ; flowers (white) umbellate-corymbed, 

 \' wide ; carpels 10, pointed. Rocky river-banks, along the Alleghanies, Penn. 

 to Va. ; rare. (Cultivated in old gardens.) 



2. S. Elliottii, Torr. & Gray. A smooth, erect perennial (1-4 high); 

 leaves linear, serrate, short-petioled ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, short; 

 flowers (yellow) rather large; carpels 9-10, slightly and abruptly pointed, 

 forming a depressed fruit. Sandy soil, S. Va. and southward. May -Aug. 



S. SPINOSA, L. Annual weed, minutely and softly pubescent, low (10-20' 

 high), much branched; leaces oritte-lanceolate or oblonc/, serrate, rather long- 

 petioled ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, shorter than the petiole; fluwers 

 (yellow) small ; carpels 5, combined into an ovate fruit, each splitting at the 

 top into 2 beaks. A little tubercle at the base of the leaves on the stronger 

 plants gives the specific name, but it cannot be called a spine. Waste places, 

 S. New York to Iowa, and common southward. (Nat. from the tropics.) 



7. SPH-SJRALCEA, St. Hil. 



Ovules and seeds usually 2 or 3 in each cell. Characters otherwise as in 

 Malvastrum. (Name from tr^eupa, a sphere, and dAKe'o, a mallow from the 

 commonly spherical fruit.) 



1. S. acerifblia, Nutt. Perennial, erect, 2 - 6 high, stellately pubescent 

 or glabrate; leaves maple-shaped, 3- 7-cleft; flowers clustered in the upper 

 axils and subspicate, rose-color to white. Kaukakee Co., 111., E. J. Hill ; Dak. 

 and westward. 



8. ABUTILOTT, Tonrn. INDIAN MALLOW. 



Carpels 2-9-seeded, at length 2-valved. Radicle ascending or pointing in- 

 ward. Otherwise as in Sida. (Name of unknown origin.) 



A. AVICEXN/E, Gaertn. (VELVET-LEAF.) Tall annual (4 high) ; leaves 

 roundish-heart-shaped, taper-pointed, velvety ; peduncles shorter than the leaf- 

 stalks ; corolla yellow ; carpels 12-15, hairy, beaked. Waste places, escaped 

 from gardens. (Adv. from India.) 



