156 ROSACES. (ROSE FAMILY.) 



peduncles 2-4-flowered; petals large. Sandy woods, southern N. Y. a&d 

 Penn. to Fla., west to Mo. and La. 



11. R. trivialis, Michx. (Low BUSH-BLACKBERRV.) Shrubby, procum- 

 bent, bristly and prickly ; leaves evergreen, coriaceous, nearly glabrous ; leaflets 

 3 (or pedately 5), ovate-oblong or lanceolate, sharply serrate; peduncles 1-3- 

 flowered ; petals large. Sandy soil, Va. to Fla., west to Mo. and Tex. 



6. DALIBARDA, L. 



Calyx deeply 5 - 6-parted, 3 of the divisions larger and toothed. Petals 5, 

 sessile, deciduous. Stamens many. Ovaries 5 - 10, becoming nearly dry seed- 

 like drupes; styles terminal, deciduous. Low perennials, with creeping and 

 densely tufted stems or rootstocks, and roundish-heart-shaped crenate leaves 

 on slender petioles. Flowers 1 or 2, white, on scape-like peduncles. (Named 

 in honor of Thomas Dalibard, a French botanist of the time of Linnaeus.) 



1. D. repens, L. Downy; sepals spreading in the flower, converging 

 and enclosing the fruit. Wooded banks; common northward. June -Aug. 

 In aspect and foliage resembling a stemless Violet. 



7. GEUM, L. AVENS. 



Calyx bell-shaped or flattish, deeply 5-cleft, usually with 5 small bractlets at 

 the sinuses. Petals 5. Stamens many. Achenes numerous, heaped on a coni- 

 cal or cylindrical dry receptacle, the long persistent styles forming hairy or 

 naked and straight or jointed tails. Seed erect; radicle inferior. Perennial 

 herbs, with pinnate or lyrate leaves. (A name used by Pliny, of unknown 

 meaning.) 



1. GEUM proper. Styles jointed and bent near the middle, the tipper part 

 deciduous and mostly hairy, the lower naked and hooked, becoming elongated ; 

 head of fruit sessile in the calyx ; calyx-lobes rejlexed. 



* Petals white or pale greenish-yellow, small, spatulate or oblong ; stipules small. 



1. G. album, Gmelin. Smoothish or softly pubescent; stem slender (2 

 high) ; root-leaves of 3 - 5 leaflets, or simple and rounded, with a few minute 

 leaflets on the petiole below ; those of the stem 3-divided or lobed, or only 

 toothed ; hairs upon the long slender peduncles ascending or spreading ; recep- 

 tacle, of the fruit densely bristly-hirsute. Borders of woods, etc.; common. 

 May - Aug. 



2. G. Virginianum, L. Bristly-hairy, especially the stout stem ; lower 

 and root-leaves pinnate, very various, the upper mostly 3-parted or divided, 

 incised; petals inconspicuous, shorter than the calyx; heads of fruit larger, 

 on short stout peduncles hirsute with reflexed hairs; receptacle glabrous or 

 nearly so. Borders of woods and low grounds; common. June -Aug. 



* * Petals golden-yellow, conspicuous, broadly-obovate, exceeding the calyx; 



stipules larger and all deeply cut. 



3. G. macroph^llum, Willd. Bristly-hairy, stout (1 - 3 high) ; root- 

 leaves lyrately and interruptedly pinnate, with the terminal leaflet very large 

 and round-heart-shaped; lateral leaflets of the stem-leaves 2-4, minute, the 

 terminal roundish, 3-cleft, the lobes wedge-form and rounded ; receptacle nearly 

 naked. N. Scotia and N. Eng. to Minn., Mo., and westward. June. (Eu.) 



