218 CAPRIFOLIACE^E. (HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY.) 



etc. The well-known SNOW-BALL TREE, or GUELDER-ROSE, is a cultivated 

 state, with the whole cyme turned into showy sterile flowers. (Eu.) 



3. V. paucifldrum, Pylaie. A low straggling shrub; leaves glabrous 

 or loosely pubescent beneath, 5-ribbed at base, unequally serrate nearly all 

 round, with 3 short lobes at the summit; cyme few-flowered; stamens shorter 

 than the corolla. Cold woods, Newf. and Lab. to the mountains of N. Eng., 

 westward to N. Mich, and the Rocky Mts. 



3. Cyme never radiant ; drupes blue, or dark-purple or black at maturity. 



* Leaves 3-ribbed from the rounded or subcordate base, somewhat 3-lobed ; stip- 



ules bristle-shaped. 



4. V. acerifolium, L. (DOCKMACKIE. ARROW-WOOD.) Shrub 3 -C 

 high ; leaves soft-downy beneath, the pointed lobes diverging, uuequallv 

 toothed; cymes small, slen Jer-peduncled ; stamens exserted ; fruit crimson 

 turning purple ; stone lenticular, hardly sulcate. Cool rocky woods, from 

 N. Brunswick to N. C., and west to S. Minn. 



* * Leaves (with base inclined to heart-shaped) coarsely toothed, prominently pin- 



nately veined; stipules narrowly subulate; no rusty scurf; fruit ovoid, blue 

 or purple ; the stone grooved ; cijines ped uncled. 



i- Stone flat ; leaves all short-pet ioled or subsessile. 



5. V. pubescens, Pursh. (DOWNY A.) A low, straggling shrub ; leaves 

 ovate or oblong-ovate, acute or taper-pointed, the veins and teeth fewer and 

 less conspicuous than in the next, the lower surface and very short petioles 

 soft-downy, at least when young ; fruit dark-purple ; the stone lightly 2-sul- 

 cate ou the faces. Rocks, etc., Lower Canada to the mountains of Ga., west 

 to Iowa and Minn. June. 



-i- -i- Stone very deeply sulcate ventral! y ; leaves rather slender-petioled. 



6. V. dentatum, L. (ARROW-WOOD.) Smooth, 5- 15 high, with ash- 

 colored bark ; leaves broadly ovate, very numerously sharp-toothed and strongly 

 veined; fruit 3" long; cross-section of stone between kidney- and horseshoe- 

 shaped. Wet places, N. Brunswick to N. Ga., and west to Minn. June. 

 The pale leaves often with hairy tufts in the axils of the straight veins. 



7. V. molle, Michx. Leaves broadly oval, obovate or ovate, scarcely 

 pointed, coarsely crenate or repand-toothed, the lower surface, branchlets and 

 cymes soft-downy, the latter with stellate pubescence ; fruit oilv, larger and 

 more pointed, the stone as in n. 6, but less deeply excavated. Coast of N. 

 Eng. (Martha's Vineyard), to Tex. 



* * * Leaves finely serrate or entire, bright green ; veins not prominent ; stipules 



none ; whole plant glabrous or with some minute rusty scurf; fruit black or 

 with a blue bloom, sweet ; stone very flat and even, broadly oval or orbicular. 



f- Cymes peduncled, about 5-rayed ; drupes globose-ovoid, 3" long , shrubs 5 - 12 



hiyh, in swamps. 



8. V. cassinoides, L. (WITHE-ROD.) Shoots scurfy-punctate ; leaves 

 thickish and opaque or dull, ovate to oblong, mostly with obtuse acumination, 

 obscureli/ veini/ (1 -3' long), with margins irregularly crenn/ate-denticulate or 

 sometimes entire ; peduncle shorter than the cyme. ( V. nudum, var cassinoides, 

 Torr. ;$ ft ray.) Newf. to N. J and Minn. Flowers earlier than the next. 



