COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 239 



4. MI KAN I A, Willd. CLIMBING HEMP-WEED. 



Heads discoid, 4-flo\vered. Involucre of 4 scales. Receptacle small. Flow- 

 ers, achenes, etc., as in Eupatorium. Twining perennials, climbing bushes, 

 with opposite commonly heart-shaped and petioled leaves, and corymbose-pan- 

 icled flesh-colored flowers. (Named for Prof. Mikan, of Prague.) 



1. M. scandens, L. Nearly smooth, twining ; leaves somewhat triangu- 

 lar-heart-shaped or halberd-form, pointed, toothed at the base. Copses along 

 streams, E. New Eng. to Ivy., and southward. July - Sept. 



5. EUPATORIUM, Tourn. THOROUGHWORT. 



Heads discoid, 3 - many-flowered ; flowers perfect. Involucre cylindrical or 

 bell-shaped, of more than 4 scales. Receptacle flat or conical, naked. Corolla 

 5-toothed. Achenes 5-augled ; pappus a single row of slender capillary barelv 

 roughish bristles. Erect perennial herbs, often sprinkled with bitter resinous 

 dots, with generally corymbose heads of white, bluish, or purple blossoms, ap- 

 pearing near the close of summer. (Dedicated to Eupator Mithridates, who is 

 said to have used a species of the genus in medicine.) 



1. EUPATORIUM proper. Receptacle fat. 



* Heads cylindrical, 5 - 1 5-flowered the purplish scales numerous, closely im- 



bricated in several rows, of unequal length, slightly striate ; stout herbs, with 

 ample mostly whorled leaves, and flesh-colored flowers. 



1. E. purpureum, L. (JoE-PvE WEED. TRUMPET- WEED.) Stems tall 

 and stout, simple ; leaves 3-6 in a whorl, oblong-ovate or lanceolate, pointed, 

 very veiny, roughish, toothed ; corymbs very dense and compound. Varies 

 greatly in size (2-12 high), etc., and with spotted or unspotted, often dotted 

 stems, etc., including several nominal species. Low grounds ; common. 



Var. amcenum, Gray. Low ; leaves fewer, ovate or oblong ; heads few, 

 3 - 5-flowered. Mountains of Va. and N. Y. 



* * Heads 3-20-flowered ; involucre of 8 -15 more or less imbricated and unequal 



scales, the outer ones shorter ; Jlowers white. 



t- Leaves all alternate, mostly dissected ; heads panicled, very small, 3-5-flowered. 



2. E. fceniculaceum, Willd. (DOG-FENNEL.) Smooth or nearly so, 

 paniculately much-branched (3-10 high); leaves 1 -2-piunately parted, fili- 

 form. Va., near the coast, and southward. Adv. near Philadelphia. 



*- -i- Leaves long-pet ioled, the upper ones alternate; heads 12- 15-flowered, in 



compound corymbs. 



3. E. serotinum, Michx. Stem pulverulent-pubescent, bushy-branched 

 (3 - 7 high) ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, tapering to a point, triple-nerved and 

 veiny, coarsely serrate (3 - 6' long) ; involucre very pubescent. Alluvial 

 ground, Md. to Minn., E. Kan., and southward. 



v- H- H- Leaves sessile or nearly so, u-ith a narrow base, mostly opposite ; heads 



mostly 5-flowered. 



= Involucral scales with white and scarious acute tips. 



4. E. album, L. Rouyhishrhairy (2 high) , leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 coarsely toothed, veiny ; heads clustered in the corymb ; involucral scales close v 



