COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 263 



44. A. prenanthoides, Muhl. Stem 1-3 high, corymbose-paniclecl, 

 hairy above in lines ; leaves rough above, smooth underneath, ovate-lanceolate, 

 sharply cut-toothed in the middle, conspicuously taper-pointed, and rather ab- 

 ruptly narrowed to a long contracted entire portion, which is abruptly dilated 

 into a conspicuously auricled base ; heads mostly 4" high, on short diver- 

 gent peduncles; scales narrowly linear, tips recurved-spreading ; rays light 

 blue. Borders of streams and rich woods, W. New Eug. to Penii., Iowa, and 

 Wise. 



45. A. puniceus, L. Stem tall and stout 3-7 high, rough-hairy all 

 over or in lines, usually purple below, panicled above ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 not narrowed or but slightly so to the auricled base, coarsely serrate to spar- 

 ingly denticulate in the middle, rough above, nearly smooth beneath, pointed; 

 heads 4 - 6" high, subsessile ; scales narrowly linear, acute, loose, equal, in about 

 2 rows; rays long and showy (lilac-blue, paler in shade). Low thickets and 

 swamps, very common. Var. L.EVicAt T Lis, Gray ; stem mostly green, smooth 

 and naked below, sparsely hirsute above, 1 - 3 high ; leaves serrate. Var. 

 LCCI'DULUS, Gray; the very leafy stems glabrous or sparingly hispidulous; 

 leaves lanceolate, entire or slightly denticulate, glabrous and somewhat shin- 

 ing ; heads usually numerous, the scales less loose and less attenuate. 



4. DCELLINGERIA. Pappus manifestly double, the inner of long capillary 

 bristles (some thickened at top), the outer of very short and rigid bristles; 

 scales short, without herbaceous tips ; heads small, corymbose or solitary ; 

 rays rather feu-, white ; leaves not rigid, veiny. 



46. A. umbellatus, Mill. Smooth, leafy to the top (2 - 7 high) ; leaves 

 lanceolate, elongated, taper-pointed and tapering at the base (3-6' long) ; heads 

 very numerous in compound flat corymbs ; involucral scales rather close, ob- 

 tusish, scarcely longer than the acheues. (Diplopappus umbellatus, Torr. <j- 

 Gray.) Moist thickets; common, especially northward. Aug. Var. PU- 

 BENS, Gray ; the lower surface of the leaves and the branchlets tomentulose. 

 Upper Mich, to Minn. Var. LATiF6Lius, Gray ; with shorter leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate to ovate, less narrowed or even rounded at base. (D. amygdalinus, 

 Torr. fr Gray.) Pine barrens, etc., N. J., Penn., and southward. 



47. A. infirmus, Michx. Stem slender, often flexuous, 1 -3 high, less 

 leafy, bearing few or several heads on divergent peduncles ; leaves obovate to 

 ovate or oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at base and ciliate, the midrib hairy be- 

 neath ; scales more imbricated, thicker and more obtuse ; pappus more rigid. 

 (D. cornifolius, Darl.) Open woodlands, E. Mass, to Tenn., and southward. 



5. lANTHE. Pappus Jess distinctly double, the inner of bristles not thickened 

 at top,tJie outer shorter ; scales well imbricated, oppressed, without herbaceous 

 tips; rai/s violet; achenes narrow, villous ; leaves numerous, rigid, small, 

 linear, \-nerved and veinless. 



48. A. linariifolius, L. Stems 3-20' high, several from a woody root; 

 heads solitary or terminating simple branches, rather large ; leaves about I' 

 long, rough-margined, passing above into the rigid acutish scales. (D. linarii- 

 folius, Hook.) Dry soil, common. Sept., Oct. Ray rarely white. 



6. ORTH6MERIS. Pappus simple . scales imbricated, oppressed, without 

 herbaceous tips, often scarious-edged or dry. Perennial, as all the. preceding. 



