COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 299 



bearing one or more yellow heads. (Name from AeW, a I/on, and 68oJs, a tooth, 

 in allusion to the toothed leaves.) The following belongs to the subgenus 

 OpoRfNiA, with a tawny pappus of a single row of equal bristles. 



L. AUTUMJ.-A.LIS, L. (FALL DANDELION.) Leaves laciniate-toothecl or 

 piunatifid, somewhat pubescent; scape branched, 5-15' high; peduncles 

 thickened at the summit, scaly-bracteate. Meadows and roadsides ; N. Eng. 

 to Penn. June -Nov. (Nat. from Eu.) 



88. PICRIS, L. 



Heads many-flowered, terminating leafy stems. Outer scales loose or spread- 

 ing. Achenes terete, with 5-10 rugose ribs ; pappus of 1 or 2 rows of plumose 

 bristles. Coarse rough-bristly annuals or biennials, with yellow flowers. (The 

 Greek name of some allied bitter herb, from irtKpos, bitter.) 



P. HiERACioloES, L. Rather tall, corymbosely branched, the bristles 

 somewhat barbed at tip; leaves lanceolate or broader, clasping, irregularly 

 toothed ; achenes oblong, with little or no beak. Sparingly introduced. 

 (Nat. from Eu.) 



89. HIERACIUM, Touru. HAAVKWEED. 



Heads 12 -many-flowered. Involucre more or less imbricated. Achenes 

 short, oblong or columnar, striate, not beaked ; pappus a single row of tawny 

 and fragile capillary rough bristles. Hispid or hirsute and often glandular 

 perennials, with entire or toothed leaves, and single or panicled heads of mostly 

 yellow flowers; summer and early autumn. (Name from if'pct, a hawk.) 



1. Involucre not much imbricate, scarcely calyculate ; achenes oblong ; pappus 



not copious. 



H. AURANT!ACUM, L. Low, long-hirsute, above hispid and glandular, the 

 involucral hairs dark ; leaves all near the base of the simple peduncle ; heads 

 clustered ; flowers deep orange to flame-color. Roadsides and fields ; N. Eng. 

 to N. Y. (Nat. from En.) 



H. PR^ALTUM, Vill. Glaucous, 2 high, only the base and lanceolate 

 leaves hairy ; heads in an open cyme ; flowers yellow. N. New York ( \Vrrd). 

 (Nat. from Eu.) 



2. Heads large ; involucre irregularly imbricated ; achenes columnar ; pappus 



copious, unequal. 



H. MUR6RUM, L. Stem scape-like, low ; leaves oval or oblong, obtuse, 

 toothed toward the subcordate base ; heads few, dark-glandular. Open woods 

 near Brooklyn, N. Y. (Nat. from Eu.) 



1. H. Canadense, Michx. Stems simple, leafy, corymbed at the sum- 

 mit (1-3 high); leaves sessile, lanceolate or ovate-oblong, acute, remotely 

 and very coarsely toothed, somewhat hairy, the uppermost slightly clasping. 

 Dry woods, N. Eng. to Penn., Minn., and northward. 



3. Heads small ; involucre cylindrical, scarcely imbricated. 

 * Achenes columnar, not attenuate upward when mature ; panicle not virgate. 



2. H. paniculatum, L. Stem sknder, leafij, diffusely branched, 

 hairy only below (1-3 high); leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends, slightly 

 toothed, smooth; heads (very small) in a loose panir/e, on slender and diverg- 

 ing pedicels, \2-20-flowered; achenes short. Open woods; rather common. 



3. H. venbsum, L. (RATTLESNAKE-WEED.) Stem or scape (1-2 

 high) naked or with a single leaf, smooth and slender, fork ing above into a spread- 



