374 SOLANACE^E. (NIGHTSHADE FAMILY.) 



-i- (- Simple-leaved annuals. 



1 . S. trifl6rum, Nutt. Low, spreading, slightly hairy or nearly glabrous ; 

 leaves oblong, pinnatijid (7-9-lobed) with rounded sinuses; peduncles 1-3- 

 flowered ; corolla white ; berries green, as large as a small cherry. Central 

 Ivan., and westward ; chiefly a weed near dwellings. 



2. S. nigrum, L. (COMMON NIGHTSHADE.) Low, much branched and 

 often spreading, nearly glabrous, rough on the angles; leaves orate, wavi/- 

 toothed : flowers white, in small umbel-like lateral clusters, drooping; cali/.v 

 spreading; filaments hairy; berries globular, black. Shaded grounds and 

 fields; common, appearing as if introduced, but a cosmopolite. July -Sept. 



Var. viLL6scM, Mill. Low, somewhat viscid-pubescent or villous ; leaves 

 small, conspicuously angular-dentate ; filaments glabrous ; berries yellow. 

 Established near Philadelphia, from ballast. (Adv. from Eu.) 



S. GRACILE, Link. Cinereous-pubescent or pnberulent, rather tall (2-3 

 high), with virgate spreading branches ; leaves ovate and ovate-lanceolate, nearly 

 entire; corolla white or bluish ; calyx somewhat appressed to the black bern/ 

 Coast of N. C., and about ballast near Philadelphia. (Adv. from S. Am.) 



* * More or less prickly ; anthers tapering upward ; pubescence stellate. 

 - Perennial ; fruit naked ; anthers equal ; corolla rwlet, rarely while. 



3. S. Carolinense, L. (HORSE-NETTLE.) Hirsute or rotighish-pubescent 

 ivith 4-8-rayed hairs : prickles stout, yellowish, copious (rarely scanty) ; leares 

 oblong or ovate, obtusely sinuate-toothed or lobed or sinuate-pinnatifid , ra- 

 cemes simple, soon lateral ; calyx-lobes acuminate ; berries about 6" broad. 

 Sandy soil and waste grounds, Conn, to Iowa, south to Fla. and Tex. 



4. S. elseagnifolium, Cav. Silver y-canescent ivith dense scurf-like pu 

 bescerice of many-rayed hairs ; prickles small, slender, more or less copious or 

 wanting; leaves lanceolate to oblong and linear, sinuate-repand or entire; 

 calyx-lobes slender; berry seldom 6" in diameter. Prairies and plains, E 

 Kan. to Tex., and westward. 



5. S. Torreyi, Gray. Cinereous with a somewhat close pubescence o/' about 

 equally 9- 12-rayed hairs : prickles small and stout, scanty or nearly wanting; 

 leai-es orate with truncate or slightly cordate base, sinuately 5 - 7-lobed (4 -6' 

 long) : calyx-lobes short-ovate, abruptly long -acuminate ; berry 1' in diameter. 

 Prairies, etc., E. Kan. and Tex. 



-i- -t- Annual : fruit closely covered longest anther much the longest , corolla yellow. 



fi- S. rostratum, Dunal. Very prickly, somewhat hoary or yellowish 

 with a copious wholly stellate pubescence (1 - 2 high): leaves I - 2-pinnatifid ; 

 calyx densely prickly ; stamens and style much declined. Plains of Neb. to 

 Tex.; spreading eastward to 111. and Tenn. 



2. CHAMJESARACHA, Gray. 



Calyx herbaceous, closely investing the globose berry (or most of it), ob- 

 scurely if at all veiny. Corolla rotate, 5-angulate, plicate in the bud. Fila- 

 ments filiform ; anthers separate, oblong. Perennials, with mostly narrow 

 entire or pinnatifid leaves tapering into margined petioles, and filiform naked 

 pedicels solitary in the axils, refracted or recurved in fruit. (Saracha is a 

 tropical American genus dedicated to Isidore Saracha, a Spanish Benedictine ; 

 the prefix x /" 01 '. on ^ ne ground.) 



