VERBENACEyE. (VERVAIN FAMILY.; 401 



exceeding the lanceolate or linear calyx-lobes. Rich soil, Perm, to Wise., south 

 to Fla. and Tex. July - Sept. Var. CLEIST.ANTIIA, Gray. Leaves commonly 

 narrower and oblong ; flowers for most of the season cleistogamous. Com- 

 mon with the ordinary form. 



3. DIANTHERA, Gronov. WATER-WILLOW. 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla deeply 2-lipped; the upper lip erect, notched; the 

 lower spreading, 3-parted, external in the bud. Stamens 2; anthers 2-celled, 

 the cells separated and somewhat unequal. Capsule obovate, flattened, con- 

 tracted at base into a short stalk, 4-seeded. Perennial herbs, growing in 

 water or wet places, with entire leaves, and purplish flowers in axillary pe- 

 duucled spikes or heads. (Name formed of Si's, double, and avQnpd, anther, 

 the separated cells giving the appearance of two anthers on each filament.) 



1. D. Americana, L. Stem 1 -3 high; leaves linear-lanceolate, elon- 

 gated ; spikes oblong, dense, loug-peduucled ; corolla 4-5" long. In water, 

 N. W. Vt. to Wise., south to S. C. and Tex. July -Sept. 



ORDER 81. VERBENACE^E. (VERVAIN FAMILY.) 



Herbs or shrubs, with opposite leaves, more or less 2-lipped or irregular 

 corolla, and didynamous stamens, the 2 - 4-celled (in Phryma 1-celled) 

 fruit dry or drupaceous, usually splitting when ripe into as many 1-seeded 

 indehiscent nutlets: differing from the following order in the ovary not 

 being 4-lobed, the style therefore terminal, and the plants seldom aro- 

 matic or furnishing a volatile oil. Seeds with a straight embryo and 

 little or no albumen. A large order in the warmer parts of the world, 

 sparingly represented in cool regions. 



Tribe I. VERBENE.5S. Ovary 2- 4-celled, with an erect anatropous ovule in each cell. 



1. Verbena. Flowers in spikes or heads. Calyx tubular. Fruit splitting into 4 nutlets. 



2. Lippia. Flowers in spikes or heads. Calyx short, 2-cleft. Fruit splitting into 2 nutlets. 



3. Callicarpa. Flowers in axillary cymes. Calyx short. Fruit berry-like, with 4 nutlets. 

 Tribe II. PHRYME^E. Ovary 1-celled ; ovule erect, orthotropous. 



4. Phryma. Flowers in slender spikes. Calyx cylindrical, 2-lipped. Fruit an achene. 



1. VERBENA, Tourn. VERVAIN. 



Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, one of the teeth often shorter than the others. 

 Corolla tubular, often curved, salver-form ; the border somewhat unequally 5- 

 cleft. Stamens included ; the upper pair occasionally without anthers. Style 

 slender; stigma mostly 2-lohed. Fruit splitting into 4 seed-like nutlets. 

 Flowers sessile, in single or often panic-led spikes, bracted ; produced all sum- 

 mer. (The Latin name for any sacred herb; derivation obscure.) The spe- 

 cies present numerous spontaneous hybrids. 



1. Anthers not appendaged ; flowers small, in narrow spikes. 



* Spikes filiform, with flowers or at least fruits scattered, naked, the inconspic- 

 uous bracts shorter than the calyx. 



V. OFFICINALIS, L. (EUROPEAN V.) Annual, glabrous or nearly so, 

 loosely branched (1-3 high); leaves pinnatifid or 3-cleft, oblong-lanceolate, 



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