URTICACE^:. (NETTLE FAMILY.) 461 



diverging, simple. Capsule 3-celled, 3-lobed, 3-seecled. Seed carunculate. 

 Smooth upright plants, with the alternate leaves mostly 2-glandular at base ; 

 the fertile flowers few at the base of the dense sterile spike (rarely separate) ; 

 the bract for each cluster with a large gland on each side. (Named for Dr. 

 B. Stillingfieet.) 



1. S. sylvatica, L. Herbaceous (1-3 high) ; leaves almost sessile, ob- 

 long-lanceolate, serrulate ; glands of the spike saucer-shaped. Sandy and drv 

 soil, Va. to Fla., west to Kan. and Tex. June -Sept. 



ORDEK 99. URTICACE^E. (NETTLE FAMILY.) 



Plants with stipules, and monoecious or dioecious or rarely {in the Elm 

 Family) perfect flowers, furnished with a regular calyx, free from the 1- 

 celled (rarely 2-celled) ovary which forms a 1-seeded fruit ; the embryo in 

 the albumen ivhen there is any, its radicle pointing upward ; stamens as 

 many as the lobes of the calyx and opposite them, or sometimes fewer. Co- 

 tyledons usually broad. Stipules often deciduous. A large order (far 

 the greater part tropical). 



Tribe I. ULMK^E. Flowers mostly polygamous, upon the last year's branches. An- 

 thers erect in the bud, extrude. Styles or stigtnas 2. Fruit a winged samara or nut- 

 like. Seed suspeuded. Embryo straight. Trees, with alternate serrate piunately 

 veined leaves and fugacious stipules. 



1. Ulmus. Flowers preceding the leaves Ovary 1 - 2-ovuled. Fruit winged all around. 



2. Planera. Flowers appearing with the leaves. Ovule one. Fruit wingless, nut-like. 

 Tribe II. CELTIDE^E. As in Tribe I., but the dtecious-polygamous flowers upon 



branches of the same year ; anthers introrse ; fruit a drupe ; embryo curved. 



3 Celtis. Ovary 1-ovuled. Flowers appearing with the leaves. Leaves 3-nerved at base. 



Tribe III. CANNABINE^E. Flowers dioecious: the sterile racemed or panicled; the 

 fertile in clusters or catkins, the calyx of one sepal embracing the ovary. Filaments 

 short, erect in the bud. Stigmas 2, elongated. Ovary l-celled, with a pendulous ovule, 

 forming a small glandular achene in fruit. Embryo curved or coiled. Erect or climb- 

 ing herbs, with watery juice, mostly opposite lobed or divided leaves, persistent stipules, 

 and a librous inner bark. 



4. Cannabis. Fertile flowers spiked-clustered. Leaves 5- 7-divided. Erect. 



5. HuLuulus. Fertile flowers in a short spike forming a membranaceous catkin in fruit. 



Leaves 3 - 5-lobed. Climbing. 



Tribe IV. MOREvE. Flowers unisexual, racemose, spicate or capitate; calyx becom- 

 ing fleshy or juicy in fruit. Anthers inflexed in the bud. Style undivided or 2-parted, 

 filiform; ovule pendulous; fruit an achene, embryo curved. Trees or shrubs, with 

 milky juice, alternate leaves, and fugacious stipules. 



6. Madura. Sterile flowers in loose racemes ; fertile in globose heads. Leaves entire. 



7. Morns. Fertile and sterile flowers in separate spikes. Leaves dentate, 3-nerved. 

 Tribe V. URTICE.32. Flowers unisexual. Filaments inflexed in the bud. Style or 



stigma simple. Ovary l-celled, with an erect ovule, forming an achene in fruit. Em- 

 bryo straight. Herbs with watery juice, tough fibrous bark, and opposite or alternate 

 leaves; often armed with stinging hairs. 



* Calyx in the fertile flowers of 2 -5 separate or nearly separate sepals. 

 t- Plant beset with stinging bristles. 



8. Urticaf Sepals 4 in both fertile and sterile flowers. Achene straight and erect, en- 



closed by the 2 inner and larger sepals. Stigma capitate-tufted. Leaves opposite. 



