500 oRcninACE^E. (ORCHIS FAMILY.) 



low with 3 greenish sheaths) as in Corallorhiza ; but, instead of a coral-like 

 root, a slender naked rootstock produces each year a thick, globular, solid bulb 

 or corm, often 1' in diameter (filled with exceedingly glutinous matter), which 

 sends up late in summer a large, oval, many-nerved and plaited, petioled, green 

 leaf, lasting through the winter, and early in the succeeding summer its scape 

 is terminated by a loose raceme of dingy rather large flowers. (The name 

 composed of a- privative and irAf/wrpo^, a spur, from the total want of the 

 latter.) 



1. A. hiemale, Nutt. Stem 1 high or more; perianth greenish-brown, 

 or the lip whitish, and somewhat speckled with purple, 5 - 6" long. Woods, 

 in rich mould ; rather rare or local, N. Eug. to Ga., west to Minn, and Mo. 

 Each corm lasts 2 or 3 years before it shrivels, so that 3 or 4 are found hori- 

 zontally connected. 



6. CORALLORHIZA, Haller. CORAL-ROOT. 



Perianth somewhat ringent, oblique and gibbous or obscurely spurred at 

 base ; the oblong or lanceolate sepals and petals nearly alike, 1 -3-uerved, the 

 upper arching; the lateral sepals ascending, their bases with that of the lip 

 forming the gibbosity or short spur which is mostly adnate to the summit of 

 the ovary ; lip slightly adherent to the base of the 2-edged straightish column, 

 bearing a pair of projecting ridges on the face below, spreading or recurved 

 at the apex. Anther terminal, lid-like. Pollen-masses 4, obliquely incumbent, 

 soft-waxy, free. Brownish or yellowish herbs, destitute of green foliage, with 

 much-branched and toothed coral-like root stocks (probably root-parasitical), 

 sending up a simple scape, with sheaths in place of leaves and bearing a ra- 

 ceme of rather small dull-colored flowers ; fruit reflexed. (Name composed of 

 Kopa.\\iov, coral, and pia, root.) 



1. Small spur or sac adnate to the summit of the ovary ; /lowers small ; lip 

 whitish or purplish, often mottled with crimson. 



1. C. innata, R. Brown. Plant slender, light brownish or yellowish (3 - 

 9' high), 5- 12-flowered; pedicels very short ; perianth 2 - 24-" long ; lip some- 

 what hastately 3-lobed above the base, the lamellos thick and rather short ; spur 

 a very small protuberance; capsule oval or elliptical (3-4" long). Swamps 

 and damp woods, N. Eng. to northern N. J., Ohio, Mich., Minn., and north- 

 ward, and south in the mountains to Ga. May, June. (Eu.) 



2. C. Odontorhiza, Nutt. Plant light brown or purplish ; stem rather 

 slender, bulbous-thickened at base (6 -16' high), 6 - 20-flowered ; pedicels 

 rather slender; perianth about 3" long; lip entire or merely denticulate, thin, 

 broadly ovate or obovate, abruptly contracted into a claw-like base, the lamella; 

 a pair of short projections ; the spur represented by a small cavity wholly ad- 

 nate to the summit of the ovary ; capsule at first very acute at base, at length 

 short-oval (4" long). Rich woods, E. Mass. (Hitchings) and Vt. to N. J. and 

 Fla., west to Mich, and Mo. May -July. 



3. C. multifldra, Nutt. Plant purplish, rather stout (9 - 18' high), 10- 

 30-flowered; perianth 2-4" long; lip deeply 3-lobed, with a short narrowed 

 base and with prominent lamellae ; spur manifest and protuberant ; capsule 

 oblong (6-9" long), short-pedicelled. Dry woods, N. Eng. to Md., west to 

 Mo., Iowa, and Minn. July - Sept. 



