ORCHIDACE.E. (ORCHIS FAMILY.) 503 



* * Floicers in one straight or spirally twisted rank. 



4- Stem bearing elongated leaves at and toward the base, which mostly persist 



during the flowering season. 



4. S. prsecox, Watson. Root of fleshy or tuberous-thickened fibres ; 

 stem 9' -2 high; lower and root-leaves linear or lance-linear (3-8' long, 2- 

 4" wide) gradually- tapering to the base, the upper reduced to sheathing bracts ; 

 spike linear, dense (2-5' long), usually much twisted, the axis, ovaries, etc., 

 downy-pubescent ; bracts ovate and gradually, or rhombic-ovate and abruptly 

 taper-pointed, surpassing the ovary, the margins broadly hyaline ; perianth 3" 

 long ; lip ovate-oblong when outspread, with rather small callosities at base, 

 crisped at the rounded slightly recurved apex ; anther and beak of the stigma 

 very acute. (S. graminea, var. Walter!, Gray.) Wet, grassy places, Mass. 

 to N. J. and Fla. 



4_^_ Scape very slender, mere!// bracted ; the leaves with a blade all in a cluster 

 at the ground, ovate or oblong, abruptly contracted into a petiole, commonly 

 withering away at or before /lowering ; JJoicers small, and whole plant gla- 

 brous or nearly so; bracts small, sharp-pointed, not longer than the capsule. 



5. S. gracilis, Bigelow. Roots clustered, tuberous-thickened; scape 8 -18' 

 high, bearing a slender many -flowered one-sided or twisted spike ; perianth 

 barely 1-J--2" long; lip oval when outspread, narrowly oblong in natural form, 

 thickish and green above with thin white margins, the recurved obtuse or acut- 

 ish apex wavy-crisped, the callosities at the base nipple-shaped. Hilly woods 

 and sandy plains, common. July - Oct. 



6. S. simplex, Gray. Root a solitary oblong or spindle-shaped tuber; no 

 leaves at flowering time; scape 5-9' high, bearing a small narrow (rarely 1- 

 sided) spike (1 -3' long) of very short flowers (perianth 1 - H" long) ; lip thin, 

 white, obovate-oblong, the apex eroded and crisped, the callosities at the base 

 slender. Dry sandy soil, E. Mass, to N. J., Del., and Md. Aug., Sept. 



10. GOODYERA, R. Br. RATTLESXAKE-PLANTAIX. 



Lip sac-shaped, sessile, entire, and without callosities at base. Otherwise 

 as Spirauthes. Root of thick fibres, from a somewhat fleshy creeping root- 

 stock, bearing a tuft of thickish petioled leaves, usually reticulated with white 

 veining. Scape, spike, and the greenish-white small flowers usually glandular- 

 downy. (Dedicated to John Goodyear, an early English botanist.) 



1. Lip strongly saccate-inflated and u-ith a short spreading or recurved tip ; 

 anther short, borne on a distinct filament attached to the back of the short 

 column, blunt; gland-bearing tip or beak of the stigma very short. 



1. G. repens, R. Br. Small (5-8' high) and slender; leaves ovate, 

 more or less white-reticulated (about 1' long) ; flowers several, in a loose \-sided 

 spike; lip with an ovate recurved tip; sepals ovate. Woods, under ever- 

 greens, common northward and through the Alleghanies. July. (Eu.) 



2. G. pubescens, R. Br. Larger; leaves strongly white-reticulated; 

 scape 6-12' high, the numerous crowded /lowers not one-sided; tip of the 

 globular lip very short ; otherwise like the preceding, and too near to it. 

 Rich woods, Newf. to Fla., west to Mich, and Miun. 



