526 LILIACE.E. (LILY FAMILY.) 



* * Flowers larger (2 - 3" long), on solitary pedicels in a simple few-flowered 

 raceme; stamens included ; ovules not collateral ; rootstock rather slender. 



2. S. Stellata, Desf. Plant (1 high or less) nearly glabrous, or the 7- 

 12 oblong-lanceolate leaves minutely downy beneath when young, slightlv 

 clasping; raceme sessile or nearly so; berries blackish. Moist banks, Lab. 

 to N. J., west to E. Kan., Minn., and westward. (Eu.) 



3. S. trifolia, Desf. Glabrous, dwarf (2-6' high) ; leaves 3 (sometimes 

 2 or 4), oblong, tapering to a sheathing base; raceme peduucled; berries red. 

 Cold bogs, Lab. to N. Eng., west to Mich, and Min. (Sib.) 



14. MAIANTHEMUM, Wigg. 



Perianth 4-parted, with as many stamens. Ovary 2-celled; stigma 2-lobed. 

 Otherwise as in Smilaciua. Flowers solitary or fascicled, in a simple raceme 

 upon a low 2-3-leaved stem. Leaves ovate- to lanceolate-cordate. (Name 

 from ^f(til<s, May, and &vQffjLov, a flower.} 



1. M. Canadense, Desf. Pubescent or glabrous (3-5' high); leaves 

 lanceolate to ovate, cordate at base with a very narrow sinus, sessile or very 

 shortly petioled ; perianth-segments 1" long. (Smilacina bifolia, var. Cana- 

 densis, Gray.) Moist woods, Lab. to N. C., west to Minn, and Iowa. May. 



15. STREP TO PUS, Michx. TWISTED-STALK. 



Perianth recurved-spreading from a bell shaped base, deciduous ; the 6 dis- 

 tinct sepals lanceolate, acute, the 3 inner keeled. Anthers arrow-shaped, ex- 

 trorse, fixed near the base to the short flattened filaments, tapering above to 

 a slender entire or 2-c.left point. Ovary with many ovules in each cell; style 

 and sometimes the stigmas one. Berry red, roundish-ovoid, many-seeded. 

 Herbs, with rather stout stems from a creeping rootstock, forking and diver- 

 gent branches, ovate and taper-pointed rounded-clasping membranaceou^ 

 leaves, and small (extra-) axillary flowers, either solitary or in pairs, on 

 slender thread-like peduncles, which are abruptly bent or contorted near the 

 middle (whence the name, from (rrpewTos, twisted, and TTOVS, foot or stalk). 



1. S. amplexifolius, DC. Stem 2-3 high, glabrous; leaves very 

 smooth, glaw.ous underneath, strongly clasping; flower greenish-white (4-6" 

 long) on a long abruptly bent peduncle; anthers tapering to a slender entire 

 point; stiyma entire, truncate. Cold moist woods, N. Eng. to N. Minn., south 

 to Ohio, Penn., and in the mountains to N. C. June. (Eu.) 



2. S. r6seus, Michx. Lower leaves green loth sides, flnely ciliate, and the 

 branches sparingly beset with short bristly hairs ; flower rose-purple (3-4" 

 long), more than half the length of the slightly bent peduncle ; anthers 2- 

 horned; sti</mn 3-cleft. Cold damp woods, N. Eug. to N. Minn., and soutli 

 in the mountains to Ga. May. 



16. DISPORUM, Salisb. 



Perianth narrowly bell-shaped, the 6 sepals lanceolate or linear, deciduous. 

 Filaments thread-like, much longer than the linear-oblong blunt anthers, 

 which are fixed by a point above the base and extrorse. Ovary with 2 ovules 

 (in our species) suspended from the summit of each cell; style one; stigmas 



