532 LILIACEJE. (LILY FAMILY.) 



petiole. (Name formed of x a /" a ^ n the ground, and \flpiov, lib/, the genus 

 having been founded on a dwarf undeveloped specimen.) 



1. C. Carolinianum, Willd. (BLAZING-STAR.) Stem 1-4 high. (C. 

 luteum, Gray.) Low grounds, N. Eng. to Ga., west to Neb. and Ark. June. 



26. XEROPHYLLUM, Michx. 



Flowers perfect. Perianth widely spreading ; sepals petal-like (white), oval, 

 distinct, without glands or claws, 5 - 7 -nerved, at length withering, about the 

 length of the awl-shaped filaments. Anthers 2-celled, short, extrorse. Styles 

 thread-like, stigmatic down the inner side, persistent. Capsule globular, 

 3-lobed, obtuse (small), loculicidal; the valves bearing the partitions. Seeds 

 2 in each cell, collateral, 3-angled, not margined. Herb with the stem simple, 

 1-4 high, from a thick tuberous rootstock, bearing a simple dense bracteate 

 raceme of showy flowers, and thickly beset with needle-shaped leaves, the 

 upper reduced to bristle-like bracts; those from the root very many in a dense 

 tuft, reclined, a foot long or more, \" wide below, rough on the margin, re- 

 markably dry and rigid. (Name from ^pos, arid, and (f>v\\ov, leaf.) 



1. X. setifolium, Michx. Stem 1-4 high. (X. asphodeloides, Nittt.) 

 Pine-barrens, N. J. to Ga. June. 



27. TOFIELDIA, Hudson. FALSE ASPHODEL. 

 Flowers perfect, usually with a little 3-bracted involucre underneath. Perl 



more or less spreading, persistent ; the sepals (white or greenish) con- 

 cave, oblong or obovate, without claws, 3-nerved. Filaments awl-shaped ; 

 anthers short, innate or somewhat introrse, 2-celled. Styles awl-shaped ; 

 stigmas terminal. Capsule 3-angular, 3-partible or septicidal ; cells many- 

 seeded. Seeds oblong, horizontal. Slender perennials, mostly tufted, with 

 short or creeping rhizomes, and simple stems leafy only at the base, bearing 

 small flowers in a close raceme or spike. Leaves 2-ranked, equitant, linear, 

 grass-like. (Named for Mr. Tojield, an English botanist of the last century.) 



* Glabrous ; pedicels solitary, in a short raceme or head ; seeds not appendaged. 



1. T. pallistris, Hudson. Scape leafless or nearly so (2-6' high), slen- 

 der, bearing a globular or oblong head or short raceme of whitish flowers , 

 leaves tufted, ^-l^' long. L. Superior, and northward. (En.) 



* * Stem and inflorescence pubescent ; pedicels fascicled in threes ; seeds caudate. 



2. T. glutinosa, Willd. Stem (6-16' high) and pedicels very glutinous 

 with dark glands; leaves broadly linear, short; perianth not becoming rigid ; 

 capsule thin ; seeds with a contorted tail at each end. Moist grounds, Maine 

 to Minn., and northward ; also south in the Alleghanies. June. 



3. T. pubens, Ait. Stem (1-3 high) and pedicels roughened with mi- 

 nute glands ; leaves longer and narrower ; perianth rigid about the firm cap- 

 sule; seeds with a short white appendage at each end. Pine-barrens, N. J. 

 to Fla. and Ala. July. 



28. NARTHECIUM, Moehring. BOG-ASPHODEL. 



Sepals 6, linear-lanceolate, yellowish, persistent. Filaments 6, woolly ; an- 

 thers linear, introrse. Capsule cylindrical-oblong, attenuate upward and bearing 



