CYPERACE.E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) ,307 



L-les terminated by a single head, involucrate by some outer empty bracts. 

 Flowers, also the tips of the bracts, etc., usually white-bearded or woollv. 

 (Name compounded of fpiov, wool, and /cauAo's, a stalk-, from the wool at the 

 base of the scape.) Our species are all stemless, wholly glabrous excepting 

 at the base and the flowers, with a depressed head and dimerous flowers. 



1. E. decangulare, L. Leaves obtuse, vary ing from linear-lanceolate to 

 linear-awl-shaped, rather rigid; scapes 10- 12-ribbed (1 -3 high) ; head hemi- 

 spherical, becoming globular (2-7" wide); scales of the involucre acutish, 

 straw-color or light brown; chaff (bracts among the flowers) pointed. Pine- 

 barren swamps, X. J. to Fla. July -Sept. 



2. E. gnaphal6d.es, Michx. Leaves spreading (2 -5' long), grassy-awl- 

 shaped, rigid, or when submersed thin and pellucid, tapering graduallv to a 

 sharp point, mostly shorter than the sheath of the W-ribbed scape ; scales of 

 the involucre very obtuse, turning lead-color; chaff obtuse. Pine-barren 

 swamps, N. J. to Fla. 



3. E. septangulare, Withering. Leaves short (1-3' long), awl-shaped, 

 p?llucid, soft and very cellular ; scape 4 - 7-striate, slender, 2-6' high, or when 

 submersed becoming 1-6 long, according to the depth of the water ; chaff 

 acutish ; head 2-3" broad; the bracts, chaff, etc., lead-color, except the white 

 coarse beard. In ponds or along their borders, Newf. to N. J., west to Ind., 

 Midi., and Minn. July, Aug. (Eu.) 



2. P^PALANTHUS, Martins. 



Stamens as mauv as the (often involute) lobes of the funnel-form corolla of 

 the sterile flowers, and opposite them, commonly 3, and the flower ternary 

 throughout. Otherwise nearly as in Eriocaulon. (Name from ircuiraA.^, dust 

 or flour, and &vBos, flower, from the meal-like down or scurf of the heads and 

 flowers of many South American species.) 



1. P. flavidulus, Kunth. Tufted, stemless; leaves bristle-awl-shaped 

 (!' long); scapes very slender, simple, minutely pubescent (6 -12' high), 5- 

 angled; bracts of the involucre oblong, pale straw-color, those among the flow- 

 ers mostly obsolete ; perianth glabrous ; sepals and petals of the fertile flowers 

 linear-lanceolate, scarious-white. Low pine-barrens, S. Va. to Fla. 



3. LACHNOCAULON, Kunth. HAIRY PIPEWORT. 



Flowers mona>cious, etc., as in Eriocaulon. Calyx of 3 sepals. Corolla none ! 

 Ster. Fl. Stamens 3 ; filaments below coalescent into a club-shaped tube around 

 the rudiment of a pistil, above separate and elongated ; anthers 1 -celled ! Pert. 

 FL Ovary 3-celled, surrounded by 3 tufts of hairs (in place of a corolla). Stig- 

 mas 3, two-cleft. Leaves linear-sword-shaped, tufted. Scape slender, bearing 

 a single head, 2-3-angled, hairy. (Xame from \dxvos, wool, and /cauAos, stalk-.) 



1. L. Michauxii, Kunth. Low pine-barrens, Va. to Fla. 



ORDER 128. CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 



Grass-like or rush-like herbs, with fibrous roots, mostly solid stems (culms), 

 closed sheaths, and spiked chiefly 3-androus flowers, one in the axil of each 

 qfthe glume-like imbricated bracts (scales, glumes), destitute of any perianth, 



