CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 581 



ish ; scales ovate, strongly keeled, mucronate-pointed ; stamens 2 or 3 ; stylo 

 2-cleft ; bristles none ; ac/iene obovate-orbicular, umerouate, plano-convex, strongly 

 wrinkled transversely. Wet shores, 111. to Tex.; also found in E. Mass. 

 (Hitching*). (Eu.) 



* * * Spikelets in simple or mostly compound umbellate or cymose-panicled 

 clusters, many-flowered, terete ; involucre of mostly several flat lear* s ,- ruhit 

 tall, from tufted or running rootstocks, triangular, leafy, sedge-like ; leans 

 roiiij/i on the margin; style mostly 3-cli^. 



t- Spikelets large (6 - 15" long) ; midrib of the scales extended beyond the mostly 

 lacerate or two-cleft apex into a distinct awn. 



13. S. maritimus, L. (SEA CLUB-RUSH.) Leaves flat, linear, as long 

 as the stout culm (1-3 high), those of the involucre 1 -4, very unequal; 

 spikclets few -several in a sessile cluster, and often also with 1-4 unequal 

 rays bearing 1-7 ovate or oblong-cylindrical (rusty-brown) spikelets ; awns 

 of the scales soon recurved; achene obovate-orbicular, compressed, flat on one 

 side, coni'i'.r or obtuse-angled on the other, minutely pointed, shining, shorter than 

 the 1-6 unequal and deciduous (sometimes obsolete) bristles. Saline locali- 

 ties, on the coast from N. Scotia to Fla., and in the interior across the conti- 

 nent. (Eu.) Var. MACROSTACIIYOS, Michx.; larger, with very thick oblong- 

 cylindrical heads (1 - l^' long), and longer involucral leaf (often 1 long). 



14. S. fluviatilis, Gray. (KIVEK C.) Culm very stout, 3-5 high; 

 leaves flat, broadly linear (|' wide or more), tapering gradually to a point, 

 the upper and those of the very long involucre very much exceeding the com- 

 pound umbel; rays 5-9, elongated, recurved-spreading, each bearing 1-5 

 ovate or oblong-cylindrical acute paler heads; scales less lacerate and awns 

 less recurved; achene obovate, sharply and exactly triangular, conspicuous/ // 

 pointed, opaque, scarcely equalling the 6 rigid bristles. Borders of lakes and 

 large streams, W. Vt. to Conn, and Penu., west to Minn, and Iowa. 



-i- -- Spikelets very numerous, small (\ - 3" lvy) ; scales mucronate-pointed or 

 blunt; umbel-like cymose panicle irregular, compound or decompound ; culm 

 2-5 high, unusually leafy; leaves broadly linear, green and rather soft ; 

 bristles very slender, often more or less tortuous and naked below. 



15. S. sylvatiCUS, L. Spikelets lead-colored, clustered 3 - 10 together at 

 the end <>j' tlic mostly slender ultimate divisions of the open decompound panicle, 

 ovoid or lance-ovate, 2" long; scales bluntish; bristles 6, downwardly barbed 

 throughout, rather exceeding the triangular short-pointed achene ; style 3-cleft. 

 Along brooks, E. Mass, to N. Y. and E. Penn. 



Var. digynus, Boeckl. Style 2-cleft and the achene not at all angled on 

 the back ; stamens 2, and bristles 4. (S. microcarpus, Presl.) N. Scotia and 

 N. Eug. to Minn., and westward. 



16. S. atrovirens, Muhl. Leaves somewhat more rigid,- spikelets dull 

 greenish-brown, densely conglomerate (10 30 together) into close heads, these also 

 usually densely clustered in a less compound panicle ; scales pointed ; bristles 

 sparsely and strongly downwardly barbed above the middle, naked belo/r, nearly 

 straight, as long as the conspicuously pointed and obovate-oblong triangular 

 achene. Wet meadows and bogs, N. Scotia and N. Eng., west to Minn.. Kan., 

 and the Pacific. 



