G66 GRAMINEA:. (GRASS FAMILY.) 



is the larger glume ; flowering glume conspicuously scarious at the apex, 

 villous below the middle on the keel and margins; culms flattish, smooth. 



9. P. flexuosa, Muhl. (not of Wahl.) Culms 1-3 high, tufted, its 

 leaves all linear (2-5' lomj), gradually taper-pointed ; panicle very effuse (its 

 branches 2-4' long to the 4-6-tiowered spikelets or first ramification) ; flow- 

 ering glume prominently nerved, no web at the base. Dry woods, Penn. and 

 Del. to Ky., and southward. Feb. - May. Near the last. 



10. P. brevifolia, Muhl. Culms 1 - l- high from running rootstocks, 

 2 3-leaved, the upper leaves very short (- 2' long), lanceolate, all abruptly cus- 

 pidate-tipped ; branches of the short panicle mostly in pairs ; spikelets 3-4- 

 flowered ; flowering r/lume rather obscurely nerved, cobwebby at base. Rocky 

 or hilly woodlands, Peun., Va., and sparingly westward to Ky. and 111. April, 

 May. Culm scarcely surpassing the long root-leaves. 



65. GRAPHEPHORUM, Desv. (PI. 10.) 



Spikelets 2 - 4-flowered, compressed, the rhachis pilose on one side, jointed, 

 produced above the flowers into a hairy pedicel. Empty glumes thin-membra- 

 naceous, acute, carinate, mostly nearly equalling the remote flowers ; flowering 

 glume thin and membranaceous or scarious, convex, scarcely keeled, faintly- 

 nerved, entire, pointless and awnless. Stamens 3. Stigmas plumose. Ovary 

 glabrous. Perennial, with linear flat leaves, their sheaths closed at base, the 

 spikelets in a loose panicle. (Named from ypatyis, a pencil, and <j>fpa>, to bear, 

 from the terminal hairy pedicel.) 



1. G. melicoideum, Desv. Culm 1-2 high; leaves roughish ; pan- 

 icle open ; glumes unequal, lanceolate, their midrib and the pedicels rough. 

 N. Maine, N. Vt., Upper Mich., and northward ; rare. Var. JIAJCS, Gray, is 

 a luxuriant form, 2-3 high, with ampler panicle; borders of a swamp, Ma- 

 comb Co., Mich. Aug. 



66. SCOLOCHLOA, Link. (PI. 15 ) 



Spikelets 2-4-flowered, subterete. Rhachis hairy at the base of the flowers, 

 ending in a naked pedicel. Empty glumes concave, membranaceous, unequal, 

 the outer 3-uerved, acute, the inner 5-nerved, toothed at the apex, nearly equal- 

 ling the flowers ; flowering glume more rigid, prominently 7-nerved, toothed 

 at the apex ; nerves all parallel. Stamens 3. Stigmas plumose. Ovarv hairy. 

 Tall perennials, growing in water, with loosely sheathing leaves, and spike- 

 lets in a lax panicle. (Name probably from <TK<AOS, a prickle, and x^o'a, grass.) 



1. S. festucacea, Link. Stout, 3-4 high, smooth; leaves rough on 

 the margins ; panicle suberect ; spikelets 3 - 4" long. (Festuca borealis, 

 Hook.) Emmet Co., Iowa (Cratty), and northward. 



67. GLYCERIA, R. Br. MANNA-GRASS. (PI. 10.) 



Spikelets terete or flattish, several - many -flowered ; the flowers mostly early 

 deciduous by the breaking up of the rhachis into joints, leaving the short and 

 unequal 1 -3-nerved membranaceous lower glumes behind. Flowering glume 

 and palet naked, of a rather firm texture, nearly equal ; the glume rounded on 

 the back, scarious (and sometimes obscurely toothed) at the blunt or rarely 



