MARCHANTIACE^E. (LIVERWORTS.) 729 



1. C. conicus, Dumort. Thallus 2-6' long, |-f wide; receptacle 

 conic, striate, crenate. (Fegatella conica, Corda.) Shady banks; common. 

 (Eu.) 



5. GRIMALDIA, Raddi. (PI. 23.) 



Thallus thick, more or less channelled, dichotomous, innovating from the 

 apex, with thick epidermis, closely areolate and porose-scabrous above, purple 

 and more or less scaly beneath ; gemmte none. Monoecious or dioecious. Re- 

 ceptacle peduncled, hemispherical or conoidal, 3 - 4-lobed. Involucres as many, 

 1 -fruited, each a distentiou of the lobe. Capsule filling the involucre, circum- 

 scissile in the middle, the calyptra persistent at its base. Aiitheridia in an 

 oval or obcordate disk immersed in the apex of the thallus. (Named for D. 

 Grimaldi, an Italian botanist.) 



1. G. barbifrons, Bisch. (PI. 23.) Thallus linear-obcuneate, 3 -6" long, 

 1 -2" wide, 2-lobed at the apex, pale green with usually distinct whitish pores, 

 the scales beneath often extending far beyond the margin and becoming 

 whitish ; peduncle profusely chaffy at base and apex, sometimes much re- 

 duced ; antheridial disks obcordate. (Including G. sessilis, Sul/iv.) Thin 

 soil on rocks, Conn, and N. J. to Iowa; rare or local. (Eu.) 



2. G. rupestriS, Lindenb. Thallus 3-6" long, 1 -3" wide, with mem- 

 branous margins; receptacle small, hemispherical, 1 -4-fruited, the peduncle 

 about r high, sparingly Scaly at base, barbulate at the apex; involucre short, 

 creuulate ; spores tuberculate. (Duvalia rupestris, Neek.) On calcareous or 

 shaly rocks, N. Y. and Ohio. (Eu.) 



6. ASTERELLA, Beauv. (PI. 22.) 



Thallus rigid, very indistinctly porose, the midrib broad, strong and distinct. 

 Receptacle conic-hemispheric, becoming flattened, 1-6- (usually 4-) lobed. 

 Monoecious. Involucres coherent with the lobes, 1 -fruited, 2-valved. Calyp- 

 tra minute, lacerate, persistent at the base of the capsule. Capsule greenish, 

 rupturing by irregular narrow teeth or by a fragmentary operculum. Elaters 

 moderately long, mostly 2-spiral. Spores tuberculate. Autheridia in sessile 

 lunate disks. (Diminutive of aster, a star, from the form of the receptacle.) 



1. A. hemisphserica, Beauv. Thallus forking and increasing by joints, 

 pale green, purple beneath ; receptacle papillose on the summit (less so at ma- 

 turity) ; peduncle bearded at base and apex, - 1' long, often 2-3 times longer 

 after maturity. (Reboulia hemisphierica, Raddi.) Shaded banks, chiefly 

 along streams; more common southward. A smaller form or perhaps vari- 

 ety (Reboulia microcephala, Nees ; R. Sullivantii, Lehm.) occurs in Penu., 

 Ohio, and southward. (Eu.) 



7. DUMORTIERA, Nees. (PI. 22.) 



Thallus large, thin, soft, with a slight costa, dichotomous, usually with scat- 

 tered haix'-like rootlets beneath ; gemmae none. Receptacle convex, 2 - 8-lobed. 

 Involucres 1-fruited, connate with the lobes beneath, horizontal, opening by a 

 vertical terminal slit. Capsule distinctly pedicelled, oblong-globose, dehiscing 

 by 4-6 irregular valves. Elaters 2-3-spiral, parietal, very long, straight, at- 

 tenuate both ways. Spores muriculate. Antheridia in a short peduncled disk 

 paleaceous beneath. (Named for B. C. Dumortier, a Belgian botanist.) 



