14 



A MANUAL OP FORESTRY. 



nature. In the accompanying Fig. 3 (after Brown) the 

 natural surface line is represented by a, a, a, 0, while 



Fig. 3. 



J, b are the places where the turf has been excavated, 

 and Cj c the dyke consisting of successive layers of turf. 



3. Wooden Palings. 



There is an endless variety of construction for 

 wooden palings. 



v ' V V V V V V 



Fig. 4. 



Fig. 4 shows a wooden fence, affording protection 

 against rabbits on one half of the diagram. It suffers 



