RECLAMATION OF THE SOIL. 37 



with brushwood, which is kept in its place by occasional 

 shovelfuls of sand. The pines, the broom, and the 

 Marram-grass come up together, and it is said that the 

 young Pines grow all the better when surrounded by 

 the two other species. 



The cost of these operations is considerable, amount- 

 ing sometimes to ten pounds per acre and more; the 

 expenditure will not be found excessive if it is re- 

 membered that fertile lands beyond the dunes may thus 

 be protected against being buried in sand. 



b. Inland Dimes. 



These are treated in a manner similar to that described 

 in the case of coast dunes, with this exception, that the 

 construction of a forward dune, corresponding to the 

 littoral dune on a sea shore, 



may not be necessary. In B B a a H 



many cases it may suffice to 

 arre st the f or war d mo vement 

 of the sand on the wind- 

 ward side by a wattle fence 

 until the ground has been v.,,^,,-,.^,.-^ 

 covered with a growth of 



o 



trees, shrubs, and grasses. 



The temporary fixation of the sand is here frequently 

 effected by means of pieces of turf, which are laid in 

 rows or squares, within which the sowing or planting is 

 done (Fig. 17). 



In the case of both coast and inland dunes it is essen- 

 tial to keep all domestic animals out of the area, at any 

 rate for a number of years after it has been fixed, as they 



