62 A MANUAL OF FORESTRY. 



case of shallow working and light seeds, the harrow and 

 rake are the most useful tools to use ; in some cases it 

 may suffice to drive a flock of sheep over the area, which 

 will press the seed into the soil by trampling on it. 

 Where heavy seeds are to be covered on level ground, 

 the operation may be done by ploughing, or with the 

 rake or hoe. 



d. General Remarks. 



Broadcast sowing is generally very expensive, owing 

 to the cultivation of the soil and because it requires a 

 large quantity of seed ; hence it should be restricted to 

 localities which require little or no cultivation, or where 

 a raw soil and a strong growth of shrubs and weed 

 necessitate a thorough cultivation, before success can be 

 expected. In some cases the operation may be combined 

 with the raising of one or more field crops, thus recouping 

 the cost of cultivation. 



2. Partial Sowing. 



With a view of reducing the cost of cultivation and 

 the quantity of seed, the sowing may be restricted to a 

 portion of the area to be stocked. The method may 

 become necessary in the case of localities which contain 

 rocks, stumps of trees, or which are too wet for full 

 working and sowing. In either case it is desirable that 

 the portions to be sown should be distributed as evenly 

 as possible over the whole area ; they can be arranged 

 in a variety of ways, of which the following may be 

 mentioned : 



a. Sowing in strips and furrows. 

 I. ,, ,, patches. 



