STLVICULTURAL NOTES ON WILLOW. 273 



loose, holes should be made, into which the cuttings 

 are planted. The area should be kept clear of weeds, 

 and the surface soil loosened between the cuttings. 

 It is nibbled by cattle and deer, and peeled by mice. 



b. White Willow. 



Europe, North Africa, North and West Asia, North- 

 west India. It is planted in all parts of Great Britain 

 and Ireland, generally along the banks of rivers. It 

 likes fresh loose soil, especially of a loamy nature, but 

 is not very exacting ; is light-demanding, grows rapidly, 

 has a thin crown, and is hardy. 



The White Willow is best adapted for pollarding 

 (topping), less suited for coppice. It also appears in 

 high forest amongst other species. As pollards, it is 

 worked under a rotation of three to six years ; the 

 material is used for fascines, cask-hoops and basket work. 



It is propagated by cuttings, which may be five and 

 six feet long, so as to produce a tree in the shortest 

 possible time. 



As regards animals, see S. Caprea. 



c. Crack Willow. 



Europe, North and West Asia. Planted along river 

 banks and low land generally ; likes moist or wet soil, 

 especially loamy sands ; light-demanding, thin foliage ; 

 grows rapidly ; hardy, but suffers from snow and rime ; 

 good power of reproduction by shoots. 



It is suited for pollarding and coppice, and is treated 

 like the White Willow ; the shoots are not suited for 

 basket work, as they are liable to crack. 



VOL. II. 



