SYLVICULTURAL NOTES ON LIME-TREE. 279 



carving, piano sounding-boards, cigar-boxes, and for paper 

 manufacture ; young shoots are used for withes. The 

 charcoal is used as crayons and for the manufacture of 

 gunpowder. The bark yields bast for ropes, mats, pack- 

 ing, &c. The flowers yield a medicinal tea. 



The timber of the small-leaved species is somewhat 

 denser than that of the broad-leaved Lime-tree. 



b. Distribution. 



The small-leaved species occurs in Europe from the 

 62 of latitude southwards, North and West Asia ; goes 

 up to 3,300 feet in the Tyrol. The broad-leaved species 

 is indigenous in Middle Europe and West Asia ; goes up 

 to 2,800 feet in the Tyrol. 



Neither species is indigenous in Britain. 



c. Locality. 



Climate. The Lime-tree is frost-tender, and still more 

 sensitive against drought. It is by some considered a 

 light- demander, by others a shade-bearer ; practically it 

 occupies a middle position in this respect. It is fairly 

 storm-firm. 



Soil. A deep, thoroughly fresh if not moist, fertile soil. 

 The small-leaved Lime-tree is somewhat less exacting 

 as regards both climate and soil. 



d. Shape and Development. 



When grown in the open, the Lime-tree forms a 

 fairly tall tree with side branches coming low down the 

 stem. In crowded woods it develops a tall cylindrical 

 stem, with the crown reduced to its upper part. The 



