SYLVICULTURAL NOTES ON SCOTCH PINE. 297 



a tree of the low lands ; prefers southern aspects in 

 mountains. It ascends to 2,200 feet in Britain, about 

 the same in Northern Germany, and up to 5,000 and 

 sometimes even 6,000 feet in the Alps. 



c. Locally. 



Climate. Scotch Pine is hardy against frost and 

 drought, but flourishes best in a fairly warm climate. 

 It is light-demanding, standing in this respect between 

 Larch and Oak. The degree to which it will bear 

 shade is very limited, but it depends much on the 

 climate in which it is grown. It prefers dry to moist 

 air, but possesses an enormous power of accommoda- 

 tion in this as well as other respects. Scotch Pine is 

 a storm-firm tree. 



Soil. Scotch Pine requires a deep soil, which should 

 be porous. Although it reaches its greatest perfection 

 on fresh soil, it will grow under any conditions of 

 moisture, from very dry soil to swampy ground. Sandy 

 soils with a moderate admixture of loam suit it best, but 

 it accommodates itself to any description of soil, from 

 shifting sand to clay. It is not an exacting species as 

 regards mineral substances in the soil. 



d. Shape and Development. 



The natural tendency of the tree is to divide its stem 

 only in the upper part into a limited number of strong 

 branches. In crowded woods the crown is restricted to 

 the uppermost part of the tree. The stem is not so 

 straight as that of Spruce or Silver Fir. Scotch Pine de- 

 velops a tap-root, and a generally deep-going root-system. 



