300 A MANUAL OF FORESTRY. 



Sowings in nurseries are mostly made broadcast, 

 sometimes in drills. British nurserymen sow broad- 

 cast about '6 pound of seed per 100 square feet of seed- 

 bed. The seedlings may be pricked out when one or 

 two years old. In Britain seedling plants are now 

 rarely put out into the forest ; transplants are used 

 which may have stood one or two years in the nursery 

 lines ; older plants are rarely used. On the continent 

 sometimes seedlings are put out direct into the forest. 

 In Britain notching is the usual method of planting, 

 but peg and pit plantings are also done. 



In the case of natural regeneration under an 

 open shelter-wood, only a limited number of trees 

 per acre, not more than 30, should be left, and 

 these should be removed after two or three years; 

 if the area has not been naturally stocked, sowing 

 or planting should be done. If the seed is to 

 come from adjoining woods, the cleared area should 

 not be broader than about the height of the trees, and 

 must be so situated that the seed is blown on to it. 

 If regeneration does not occur within two or three years, 

 sowing or planting must be done. 



i. Tending. 



Fertility of Soil. Except on favourable localities, the 

 fertility of the soil is liable to suffer, after the Scotch 

 Pine has passed the age of 50 years ; hence it should be 

 underplanted between the 30th and 50th year with 

 Beech, Silver Fir, Douglas Fir, or Spruce. 



External Dangers. Scotch Pine requires no protection 

 against frost or drought; frost-lifting may occur in 



