SYLVICULTURAL NOTES ON AUSTRIAN PINE. 305 



g. Sylvicultural Systems. 



High forest with clear cutting, but also the shelter- 

 wood systems. It can be used as nurses over and 

 between tender species ; makes ^, good wind-break along 

 the edges of woods. 



h. Formation of Woods. 



Planting is the rule, but natural regeneration under 

 a shelter- wood, or by adjoining woods, is also practised. 



The seed ripens at the end of October in the second 

 year, and falls towards and during the following spring. 

 It retains its germinating power for 2 to 3 years. Of 

 good seed 75 per cent, should be capable of germinating.* 

 About 24,000 seeds go to the pound.f 



The treatment of the seed and seedlings in the 

 nursery is the same as for the Scotch Pine. 



i. Tending. 



This is similar to that of the Scotch Pine. The 

 Austrian Pine is exposed to the same dangers as the 

 Scotch Pine, but in a less degree ; from snow and rime 

 it suffers, however, somewhat more. It possesses the 

 same insect enemies as Scotch Pine (page 301), but is 

 less frequently injured. A snail (Bulimm delictus] is an 

 especial foe to young plants, which it kills by eating 

 the last year's needles in spring. 



Fungi are the same as those found on the Scotch 

 Pine, but they do less damage. 



* According to Gayer. + According to Hess. 



VOL. II. X 



