ESTIMATE OF RECEIPTS AND EXPENSES. 121 



the timber before disposal, it is sometimes classed as minor 

 produce. 



Major produce is subdivided into that obtained from final 

 cuttings (final yield), and that from thinnings, etc. (intermediate 

 yields). 



The value of major produce is ascertained by means of 

 money yield tables, which are calculated from volume yield tables. 



The preparation of volume yield tables and the selection of 

 the proper table have been explained in Forest Mensuration. 

 If tables are available, the age, volume and height of each 

 wood are ascertained, and these data are used in the selection of 

 the proper yield table. If the data do not agree with any 

 table, the nearest is selected and its quantities are modified 

 in proportion to the volumes, or heights, as the case may be. 



When the produce yield table has been determined, it is 

 converted into a money yield table, for which purpose the 

 local prices of the several classes of timber and firewood must 

 be ascertained. In doing this it must be remembered that 

 the average value of material per unit rises with the rotation. 



These tables refer to fully stocked or normal woods ; hence 

 the quantities must be modified before use in the same degree 

 as a particular wood differs from the normal condition. In 

 some cases a further reduction is made as a kind of insurance 

 against future events. Some authors give 10 per cent, as a 

 proper reduction. 



&. Minor Produce. 



This comprises all yields which do not consist of timber 

 and firewood ; their amounts and values must be locally ascer- 

 tained. 



2. Expenses. 



The expenses comprise the cost of administration, protec- 

 tion, formation, harvesting, construction of roads, slides, 

 houses, taxes, etc. The amounts must be locally ascertained. 



