COPPICE WITH STANDARDS. 



221 



left standing to form the youngest age gradation of the over- 



A 



wood. That portion would occupy an area = -, assuming 



H 



that each age gradation of the overwood occupies the same 

 extent of ground. The area of the youngest age class of 



A 



overwood comes to = - x n. 

 2i 



Assuming now that the youngest overwood class 1 to r years 

 old, though still forming part of the underwood, is already 

 counted as belonging to the overwood, then there are t over- 

 wood classes. The latter are not separated according to area, 

 as in the case of clear cutting or coppice, but t gradations are 

 standing mixed on each annual coupe, so that each of the 



latter contains -th part of each overwood class. 



Immediately before cutting, the arrangement would be as 

 follows : 



It will be seen, that a normal coppice with standards forest 

 must have an overwood which consists of ra x r = R age 

 gradations ranging from 1 year up to R years old. 



Example. A forest of 200 acres worked under a rotation of 

 20 years for the underwood, and 100 years for the overwood, 

 100 



has 



20 



= 5 overwood classes. On the 10 acres which are 



about to be cut, will be found : 



Underwood = 20 years old 



Overwood = 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20 years old. 



