97 



CHAPTEK I. 



PROTECTION AGAINST DEER AND WILD PIGS. 



SECTION L GENEKAL ACCOUNT. 

 1. List of Injurious Species. 



Red-deer (Cervus claphus, L.). 

 Fallow-deer (Damns vulgaris, Brook). 

 Roe-deer (Cervus capreolus, L.). 

 Wild pig (Sus scrofa, L.). 



2. Damage Done. 



The above-named animals injure the forest by eating the 

 fruit of trees, biting-off buds and young shoots, trampling- 

 down seedings, breaking-off leaders, bending-down stems, 

 barking poles, exposing and gnawing roots. Further details 

 regarding the damage will be given under the headings of 

 each species. 



The consequences of the damage done consist in loss of 

 increment, stunted growth, diminution of timber as compared 

 with firewood, increased danger from insects, fungi, storms, 

 snow, etc. Hess considers it advisable to keep down the 

 beasts by the efforts of the Forest Staff, and not to lease the 

 shooting in forests, as this usually leads to inordinate 

 numbers of deer, etc., and to great injury of the growing 

 woods. 



3. Preventive Measures. 



The chief preventive measures are : 



(a) Formation in High Forest of large, connected regenera- 

 tion-areas ; small clearings in which game has not sufficient 

 room, and strip-fellings near thickets or poles where the game 

 habitually remains, suffer most of all. For sylvicultural reasons, 

 however, very large felling-areas are not permissible. Periods 



F.P, H 



