PINE-BEETLE. 



269 



in thousands after an autumnal storm. Sometimes two 

 beetles are found in the same twig, and some beetles hiber- 

 nate in them, but this is probably a rare occurrence. Owing 

 to the loss of these bored twigs, the crowns of trees, if 

 repeatedly attacked by the pine-beetle, acquire a characteristic 

 appearance which may be recognised from a distance. They 



Fig. 129. Weymouth pines injured by the Pine-beetle in the 

 cemetery at Wieseck (near Giessen). 



acquire the form of the cypress instead of possessing the 

 usual dome-like shape, and here and there a few side-branches 

 which have been spared may project outwards from the 

 tree (Fig. 129). This curious aspect of the trees has 

 given to the insect the appellation of Hortulanus naturae 

 (^Waldgiirtner " or Primer). 



Besides the direct damage (loss of increment, diminution of 

 the seed-harvest) inflicted on attacked trees by the reduction 



