316 



PROTECTION AGAINST INSECTS. 



are extremely useful in destroying the eggs throughout the 

 winter. The ground-beetles, Caralus glabratus, L., and Calo- 

 soma sycophanta, L., are also very useful on the Continent, the 

 larvae of the latter attacking the moths' eggs, and the beetles 



Fig. 162. Spruce leader, with infected (sleepy) larvae of the Nun moth. 



the caterpillars. Many ichneumon-wasps and Tachinae attack 

 the caterpillars, for instance, Tacldna monachae, Ratz., T. 

 2>halaenarum, L., etc. 



In 1892 J. Gold found that in N. E. Bohemia 59 per cent, of 

 the caterpillars were attacked by Tachinae and 11 per cent, by 



