208 FELLING AND CONVERSION OF TIMBER. 



with sycamore, as manufactured goods should appear in 

 natural and unblemished whiteness. Both beech and syca- 

 more are perishable timbers and any vestige of live sap 

 contributes to rapid decay. Elm, when felled in sap, produces 

 living branches with foliage, and such wood is nearly unsale- 

 able for naves. Tr.] 



6. Special Application of the Material from Felling- Areas. 



Exceptions are made when the material from the fellings is 

 required for special purposes. 



Thus, for bent-wood furniture, and for certain impregnation 

 processes, and in the case of cloven wood, the trees should be 

 felled in summer. If bark is to be used for tanning, the 

 trees must be felled in the spring. Sometimes wood used for 

 wells and water-pipes is felled during spring. 



7. Modes of Transport. 



As regards transport, it is found that wood felled in summer 

 is lighter to carry and floats better than winter-felled wood ; 

 hence less firewood sinks, and the timber-rafts are less heavily 

 laden, owing to the wood being dried much more thoroughly 

 than when felled in winter. 



8. Demands of Timber- Market. 



The possibility of getting a good price for timber depends 

 often on the time fixed for the timber-sales, and the latter 

 on the time when the trees are felled. Where other considera- 

 tions are not predominant, the felling period should be so 

 arranged that the material may come to market at the season 

 when the best prices are offered. 



Thus, hop-poles and bean-sticks are felled best in the early 

 winter, so that they may be sold before the spring. Timber 

 merchants under contract to supply certain goods, such as rail- 

 way-sleepers, etc., are bound to do so before a certain fixed date, 

 and this circumstance will guide the forest-manager in fixing the 

 time for his fellings. 



Finally, it is easy to see that certain local circumstances, 



