FELLING RULES. 223 



in setting to work on the felling- area a year after the trees 

 have been felled in order to extract the stumps. 



Whilst, however, in general it is preferable to uproot the 

 trees, cases occur where grubbing-out the stumps is necessary 

 or permissible ; as for instance where felling is urgent but 

 the ground is frozen, and in forest clearances, when there is 

 no urgency for extracting the stumps. It is always pre-supposed 

 that extracting stumps is done by the aid of implements, for 

 when this is done by mere manual labour, it is the most 

 tiresome and dilatory mode of utilising the roots of trees. 



[Wherever a clearance is to be effected for a forest-road, or 

 ride, or for the site of a nursery or forest-house, etc., it is 

 always better once for all to uproot the trees standing on the 

 area. This is especially the case in India where buried stumps 

 are attacked by termites and a dangerous place to traffic 

 results. Tr.] 



3. Ft'U'unj Hull'*. 



Partly as regards care for the forest growth, partly to 

 increase the quantity and value of the yield, and partly to 

 economise labour, [lie following rules should he observed by 

 woodcutters, 



i. The "woodcutter must always endeavour to throw every 

 stem, so that by its fall it will do the least amount of 

 damage to the forest growth and felled timber around 

 it. 



The attention of the woodcutter in this respect is parti- 

 cularly necessary in the case of the final stage in shelter-woods, 

 selection-fellings and in all reproduction-areas, and wherever 

 large trees standing over poles or saplings are to be felled. 



In order as fully as possible to carry-out the rule, the direc- 

 tions of the forest officials should be followed closely, so that 

 the young growth may be injured as little as possible. To 

 secure this object, it may be necessary to lop all the branches 

 from large trees before felling them. 



The skill and attention of the woodcutters are nowhere put 

 to such a test, an in the removal of large trees from over poles 



