FOllEST-liOADS. 301 



frequently coalesce, and cannot be sharply distinguished from 

 one another. 



The transport of wood is distinguished as transport by land 

 and transport by water, a short account of each of which will be 

 given ; the values of the different methods described will then 

 be compared, and permanent timber-depots will be described. 

 In the present book, full details as regards the construction 

 of the different means of communication will not be given, and 

 they will be described only in a general way. 



This chapter deals in detail with land-transport only, the 

 different means of land-transport for forest produce being 

 forest - roads, timber - slides, forest - tramways and wire- 

 tramways. 



SUCTION I. FOKEST-IIOA: 



A. CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE. 



(a) General Account. Forest-roads are undoubtedly the 

 best means of land-transport for forest material, and good 

 forest management must attend strictly to the necessity for 

 intersecting forests with good roads. The chief reason for the 

 preference of roads to other modes of timber-transport depends 

 on their superior durability. 



Forest-roads are constructed not only in plains, hills and 

 low mountainous districts, but even in high mountain-ranges, 

 and are being extended constantly to the less accessible forests 

 at high altitudes. 



(b) Network of Roads for a Forest. In constructing 

 forest-roads it is absolutely necessary to proceed according to 

 a well-considered plan, forming a network of roads through- 

 out a forest range or a separate forest. The planning of this 

 road-network should contemplate not only present demands 

 but also those of the future, and thus consider parts of the 

 forest which will be worked at some future time. 



The road-network therefore should be projected and planned 

 for the whole forest, though it may be necessary at present 



* ('/. Waldwegbuu " by C. Schuberg, Berlin. 1873, also by StoUer, 3rd ed., 

 is'.):,. Wimrnc-naurr, is'.n;. l>,,t/.d, IS'.is. Maix'het, 1898, l . <i. liogers, 

 " Foiust Kn^ineerinL'- in India," Calcutta., 1'JOU, ;i vols. Matlicy. i>. fit. 



