WOOD FOR PUBLIC WORKS. 445 



Navy in 1858. In 1866, rules regarding wood for the Navy 

 were framed by the Forest and Marine Departments, and may 

 be summarised as follows : 



Before the trees are marked for felling in any State forest, 

 the agents of the Navy mark with a circle of oil paint any 

 trees which they may consider suitable for naval construc- 

 tion, in compartments where fellings are in progress. These 

 trees are then marked for felling at the usual time and in the 

 same way as the other trees in the felling-areas, but with 

 special marks. All the marked trees are sold standing, as is 

 usual in France, but the purchaser pays only for the crowns 

 of trees chosen for the Navy, excluding any boughs which 

 have been specially reserved. He then fells all the trees, but 

 a naval engineer examines those steins which had been 

 specially marked for the Navy and then proceeds to convert 

 them into the necessary pieces and remove them to a sea-port. 

 The price is fixed for a period of five years at so much a cubic 

 meter, and a current account kept between the Navy and 

 Forest Department. Boppe, op. cit., p. 228. Tr.] 



(d) Wood required for Floating. Channels and Wood- 

 Depots. Formerly it was considered the duty of the State to 

 maintain large firewood-depots in districts where there were 

 no forests, and to convey the wood there at its own charge. 

 In order to carry-out this object a special floating department 

 was organised, to which the necessary volume of wood was 

 delivered from the German State forests. Since means of 

 communication have been extended and with them the trade 

 in firewood, the necessity for the department has disappeared, 

 and it has been abolished. 



(e) Wood required for Sawmills. -- There are several 

 German States and Communes owning sawmills, the manage- 

 ment of which is more or less independent of the Forest 

 Department. (For instance, Brunswick, Alsace and Lorraine, 

 Hanover, Baden, etc.) 



(f) Wood given to Privileged Persons (Deputotholzer). 

 Under this heading comes wood given as part of the salary of 

 Government servants ; in some States, as in Mecklenburg, 

 inferior firewood is given gratis to the poor. 



Special orders are given by superior authority to the local 



