726 PROPERTIES, HARVESTING AND DISPOSAL OF RESIN. 



cools into cakes which are exposed to the sun till sufficiently 

 bleached ; they are then placed, one above the other, in the 

 casks and eventually unite into a single mass. 



Great attention is paid to uniformity of colour in each cask, 

 the sample shown to the purchaser being the worst coloured 

 in the cask. The colophany goes into four main classes, for 

 spring, summer, autumn and winter, the first being lightest 

 coloured and most transparent ; and the last, made chiefly of 

 barms, being darkest. The tints vary from very pale trans- 

 parent yellow to dark amber. When nearly black it is termed 

 brais. Great stress is laid on transparency, denoting purity of 

 the samples, as well as on their light colour. The dark amber- 

 coloured colophany is worth only one-third the value of the 

 palest brand, the prices varying from 4s. to 12s. 9d. per 100 Ibs. 



Besides the main classes of colophany, the commercial 

 grades range from A. the darkest, to N. extra pale, superior to 

 which are W. window-glass and W. W. water-white. These 

 are American brands, which have been adopted in France. 



A barrel of 520 Ibs. of crude turpentine yields 364 Ibs. 

 colophany, 110 Ibs. oil of turpentine and 46 Ibs. refuse. The 

 oil of turpentine sells at about 25s. per 100 Ibs. Most of. the 

 manufactured produce goes to Bordeaux, whence it is shipped 

 to the principal European countries, or used in France. The 

 chief British supply of rosin at present comes from the United 

 States of America, being 1,320,852 cwt. in 1906, while 235,864 

 cwt. came from France, 72,748 cwt. from Spain, and 21,263 

 cwt. from other countries, the whole being valued at 819,349. 



The quantity of oil of turpentine imported into the United 

 Kingdom in 1906, was 512,836 cwt. valued at 1,076,870, 

 chiefly from the United States of America (396,332 cwt.) and 

 Eussia (78,334 cwt.) 



SECTION VII. COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS FROM THE CRUDE RESIN 

 OF THE MARITIME PINE.* 



The different products of crude resin are : 



Galipot. Brais. 



Oil of turpentine, Turpentine paste, 



Colophany. Pitch. 



* From I>(>>>i' o>. df. 



