HARVESTING THE PEAT. 80J 



3. Drains for Cutting off the Water from Bogs. 



There are frequently small watercourses which run into a bog, 

 or water runs down a slope into it. If, then, trenches can be dug 

 so as to cut off the water-supply from the bog, they are very 

 serviceable as an aid to ordinary drains, but will not suffice alone 

 to drain the bog. 



4. Collecting -Drain* and Tauka. 



A large number of bogs are supplied with water by infiltration 

 from neighbouring watercourses. If, then, the bog lies above 

 the level of the water it is possible to drain it in the ordinary 

 manner ; this cannot be done if it is on about the same level 

 as the water. Usually more extensive works are then required 

 (which are too costly where peat-digging is concerned), in order 

 to exclude inundations from the bog, or remove the water from 

 collecting drains by means of pumps and hydraulic engines. 

 Only when the inlet of water is inconsiderable can water, which 

 collects in the drains during the night, be removed by manual 

 labour. The construction of a sufficiently large tank near the 

 bog to receive the water can be undertaken only exceptionally. 



5. Pien-inf/ an Impermeable Pan. 



If a bog should rest on a thin bed of loam or clay, below 

 which is an impermeable stratum, or pan, of gravel or sand, the 

 simplest method of draining it is often to bore or break through 

 the pan and thus allow the water to sink below it. If, however, 

 the shaft through the pan is made at the deepest part of the 

 bog its drainage may be too thorough, and thus injuriously 

 affect the peat. 



SECTION V. HARVESTING THE PEAT. 



The removal of the peat may be effected in various ways. A 

 distinction is thus made between peat dug by manual labour 

 (SHrlitorf), peat which is moulded into shape (Modeltorf) and 

 peat removed and prepared by machinery (Maschinentorf). 



F.U. 3 F 



