6 MAGNOLiACEiE. [ MicMia. 



f. and Th. ; Hook. PI. Ind. i. 43, is found in the Khasia Hills ; and M. nilagirica Zenk ; 

 Hook. PL Ind. i. 44; Beddome t. 62. Vern. Pila champa, Hind., Mar.; Shcmlugha, 

 Tarn. ; Walsapu, Cingh., with a strong, fine-grained wood, used for building, beams 

 and rafters, in the higher forests of the Western Ghats and Ceylon. 



1. M. Cathcartii, Hook. f. and Th.; Hook. Fl. lud. i. 42 ; Gamble 

 2. Veru. Kala champ, Nep. ; Atokd&ng, Lepcha. 



A large tree, with dark-coloured bark. Sapwood large, white, 

 heartwood dark olive brown, moderately hard. Annual rings distinctly 

 marked by a white Hue. Pores small. Medullary rays fine, not very 

 prominent. 



Sikkim Himalaya, 5,000 to 7,000 feet. 



Weight 41 Ibs. Wood used for planking, will do well for tea boxes. The flowers 

 are terminal, white, but turn red in drying. 



E 2314. Rangbul Forest, Darjeeling, 6,500 feet 41 



2. M. Champaca, Linn.; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 42; Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 

 656; Beddome vi; Brandis 3; Kurz i. 25; Gamble 3. Vern. Champa, 

 Hind.; Oulia champ, Nep.; Tita&appa,A&a.i Champa, champaka, Beng. ; 

 Shimbu, sempangam, Tarn. ; ChampaJcamu, sampenga, kanchanamu, Tel. ; 

 Sampighi, Kan.; Champakam, Mai.; Tsaga, Burm. 



A tall evergreen tree, with grey bark, J inch thick. Wood soft, 

 seasons and polishes well; sapwood white; heartwood light olive brown; 

 annual rings distinctly marked by a white line. Pores small and 

 moderate-sized, equally distributed. Medullary rays short, fine to 

 moderately broad, visible on a radial section. 



Cultivated throughout India from the Eavi southwards and up to 5,400 feet in 

 the North- West Himalaya. Wild in Nepal, Bengal, Assam (ascending to 3,000 feet), 

 Burma, and in the forests of the Western Ghats as far as Kanara. 



Growth moderate, our specimens shew seven rings per inch of radius. It often 

 reaches 8 feet girth at an age of 100 to 120 years. 



Weight: the mean of 7 experiments made by Brandis in 1864 gave 37 Ibs. 

 per cubic foot ; Puckle's experiments in Mysore gave 42 Ibs. ; while Smythies found 38 Ibs. 



Mysore with bars 2' X V X I" gave 

 The wood is very durable : e. g., specimen No. 1437 was cut by Griffith in 1836 and 

 has been since then in Calcutta, and is now as sound as if fresh cut. The wood is used for 

 furniture, house-building, carriage work and native drums. It is considered valuable in 

 Northern Bengal for planking, door-panels and furniture ; and in Assam for building 

 and canoes. The flowers are prized on account of their sweet scent, and the tree is 

 planted at Hindu shrines. 



Ibs. 



E 576. Khookloong Forest, Darjeeling Terai 35 



E 2313. Sul<n;i Fon-st, Darjeeling Terai 37 



K 21 'Jo. Nowgong, Assam 40 



E 10 10. Eastern Duars. Assam 36 



E 1437. Mishmi 11 ills (Griffith, 1836) . 42 



3. M. excelsa, Blume ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 43 ; Gamble 3. Vern. Bara 



champ, sa/'cd c/taatp, Nep.; tin/itf/rip, Lepeha; Guk, Bhutia. 



A lofty deciduous tree. Bark greyish brown, ^ incb thick. Wood 

 soft; sapwood small, white; heartwood olive brown, glossy; annual 

 rin^-.s distinctly marked by firmer autumn wood with 1'rwer pores. 

 Pores small. Medullary rays short, fine and moderately broad, very 

 numerous, prominent on a radial BOCilOIL According to (Jamblc, the 

 wood is yellow when i'rcsh cut. 



